River plastic emissions to the world's oceans.
River plastic emissions to the world's oceans.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms15611
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发表时间：
2017-06-07
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Reisser J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lebreton LCM;van der Zwet J;Damsteeg JW;Slat B;Andrady A;Reisser J
海洋环境中的塑料已成为一个主要问题，因为它们在海上持续存在，并对海洋生物和潜在的人类健康产生不利后果。实施缓解战略需要了解和量化海洋塑料来源，同时考虑到空间和时间变化。在这里，我们提出了一个基于废物管理、人口密度和水文信息的全球塑料从河流进入海洋的模型。我们的模型是根据文献中可用的测量来校准的。我们估计，目前每年有115万吨至241万吨塑料垃圾从河流进入海洋，其中超过74%的排放发生在5月至10月之间。污染最严重的20条河流大多位于亚洲，占全球总量的67%。这项研究的结果为海洋塑料质量平衡练习提供了基线数据，并有助于确定未来塑料碎片监测和缓解战略的优先顺序。河流是海洋塑料废物的一个主要途径，但有效的缓解取决于对活跃来源的量化。在这里，作者提出了一个河流塑料输入的全球模型，并估计每年的塑料废物近250万吨，其中86%来自亚洲。
Plastics in the marine environment have become a major concern because of their persistence at sea, and adverse consequences to marine life and potentially human health. Implementing mitigation strategies requires an understanding and quantification of marine plastic sources, taking spatial and temporal variability into account. Here we present a global model of plastic inputs from rivers into oceans based on waste management, population density and hydrological information. Our model is calibrated against measurements available in the literature. We estimate that between 1.15 and 2.41 million tonnes of plastic waste currently enters the ocean every year from rivers, with over 74% of emissions occurring between May and October. The top 20 polluting rivers, mostly located in Asia, account for 67% of the global total. The findings of this study provide baseline data for ocean plastic mass balance exercises, and assist in prioritizing future plastic debris monitoring and mitigation strategies. Rivers provide a major pathway for ocean plastic waste, but effective mitigation is dependent on a quantification of active sources. Here, the authors present a global model of riverine plastic inputs, and estimate annual plastic waste of almost 2.5 million tonnes, with 86% sourced from Asia.