Polio eradication initiative in Afghanistan, 1997-2013.
Polio eradication initiative in Afghanistan, 1997-2013.
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/infdis/jiu022
复制
发表时间：
2014-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
本文回顾了1997年至2013年阿富汗脊髓灰质炎流行病学、急性弛缓性麻痹（AFP）监测和补充免疫活动（SIAs）的实施情况。分析了关于脊髓灰质炎病例、急性弛缓性麻痹监测和补充免疫活动的已发表报告和未发表的国家数据。独立咨询小组和阿富汗政府的建议为结论提供了依据。从1997年到2013年，每年确认的脊髓灰质炎病例数从2004年的4例低点到2011年的80例高点波动。2型和3型野生脊髓灰质炎病毒上次报告分别是在1997年和2010年。循环疫苗衍生的2型脊髓灰质炎病毒于2009年出现。随着时间的推移，15岁以下儿童AFP监测的质量有所改善，达到每10万人0.8例AFP监测率。自2001年以来，每年至少进行6次补充免疫评价。阿富汗在消除小儿麻痹症方面取得了进展。由于实地的管理和问责问题、无法接触到的人口以及社会动员不足，该项目难以覆盖所有儿童。因此，在补充免疫活动期间遗漏了太多的儿童。阿富汗在2012年通过了一项国家紧急行动计划，以解决这些问题，但国家消除这些问题需要一贯和全面地执行经过验证的战略。
This article reviews the epidemiology of polio, acute flaccid paralysis (AFP) surveillance, and the implementation of supplemental immunization activities (SIAs) in Afghanistan from 1997 thru 2013. Published reports and unpublished national data on polio cases, AFP surveillance, and SIAs were analyzed. Recommendations from independent advisory groups and Afghan government informed the conclusions. From 1997 thru 2013, the annual number of confirmed polio cases fluctuated from a low of 4 in 2004 to a high of 80 in 2011. Wild poliovirus types 2 and 3 were last reported in 1997 and 2010, respectively. Circulating vaccine-derived poliovirus type 2 emerged in 2009. AFP surveillance quality in children aged <15 years improved over time, achieving rates >8 per 100 000 population. Since 2001, at least 6 SIAs have been conducted annually. Afghanistan has made progress moving closer to eliminating polio. The program struggles to reach all children because of management and accountability problems in the field, inaccessible populations, and inadequate social mobilization. Consequently, too many children are missed during SIAs. Afghanistan adopted a national emergency action plan in 2012 to address these issues, but national elimination will require consistent and complete implementation of proven strategies.
影响因子：
4.9
作者：
Mashal, Taufiq;Nakamura, Keiko;Takano, Takehito
通讯作者：
Takano, Takehito