Nitrogen-bedrock interactions regulate multi-element nutrient limitation and sustainability in forests
Nitrogen-bedrock interactions regulate multi-element nutrient limitation and sustainability in forests
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DOI：
10.1007/s10533-023-01039-6
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发表时间：
2023-04
期刊：
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Kaveh G. Siah;S. Perakis;J. Pett‐Ridge;G. van der Heijden
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kaveh G. Siah;S. Perakis;J. Pett‐Ridge;G. van der Heijden
当养分在森林收获过程中损失时，树木生长的养分限制可能会加剧，给森林生长和可持续性带来挑战。森林采伐通过去除含有养分的生物量和增加养分淋失来加速养分流失，从而形成养分枯竭的模式，从而导致养分限制的长期变化。氮素最常限制树木的生长，但在氮素丰富的地方，营养限制往往转移到磷和盐基阳离子上，这取决于土壤矿物学。我们使用基于过程的生物地球化学模型NutsFor来评估多种元素如何通过土壤氮(低氮与高氮)和土壤矿物学(沉积基岩与玄武岩基岩)之间的相互作用来限制森林的长期生长。模拟运行了525年，俄勒冈海岸山脉管理的道格拉斯冷杉林每隔40年收获一次。在低氮地区，营养限制在几个世纪后从氮转向磷，因为森林生长和收获的循环耗尽了土壤有机磷库。相反，高氮土壤在一到两次轮作中表现出严重的碱阳离子耗竭和树木生长减慢，沉积基岩土壤受钙限制，玄武岩土壤受钙和钾限制。在所有模拟中，收获刺激了氮和钾的最大部分损失，此外，高氮部位的钙损失也最大。这些对采伐、土壤氮素和基岩类型之间相互作用的多元素模拟提供了一套可测试的预测，以指导监测和管理变化，目的是在广泛的土壤生物地球化学条件下维持长期的森林生产力。
Nutrient limitation of tree growth can intensify when nutrients are lost to forest harvest, creating challenges for forest growth and sustainability. Forest harvest accelerates nutrient loss by removing nutrient-containing biomass and by increasing nutrient leaching, shaping patterns of nutrient depletion that cause long-term shifts in nutrient limitation. Nitrogen most frequently limits tree growth, but where nitrogen is abundant, nutrient limitation often shifts to phosphorus and base cations, depending on soil mineralogy. We used the process-based biogeochemical model NutsFor to evaluate how multiple elements can limit long-term forest growth via interactions between soil nitrogen (low vs. high nitrogen) and soil mineralogy (sedimentary vs. basaltic bedrock). Simulations were run for 525 years with 40-year harvest intervals for managed Douglas-fir forests of the Oregon Coast Range. In low nitrogen sites, nutrient limitation switched after several centuries from nitrogen to phosphorus, as cycles of forest growth and harvest depleted soil organic phosphorus pools. In contrast, high nitrogen sites displayed severe base cation depletion and reduced tree growth within only one to two rotations, with sedimentary bedrock sites limited by calcium and basaltic sites by both calcium and potassium. Harvesting stimulated the largest fractional losses of nitrogen and potassium across all simulations, and additionally of calcium in high nitrogen sites. These multi-element simulations of interactions among harvesting, soil nitrogen, and bedrock type provide a set of testable predictions to guide monitoring and changes in management aimed at sustaining long-term forest productivity across a wide range of soil biogeochemical conditions.