Characterization of activity and microbial diversity of typical types of Daqu for traditional Chinese vinegar
Characterization of activity and microbial diversity of typical types of Daqu for traditional Chinese vinegar
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DOI：
10.1007/s13213-015-1040-2
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发表时间：
2015-12-01
影响因子：
3
通讯作者：
Lin, Wei-Tie
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Li, Pan;Aflakpui, Francis Worlanyo Kwami;Lin, Wei-Tie
大曲是中国传统食醋生产中使用的发酵剂，决定着最终食醋产品的质量。本研究采用套式聚合酶链式反应-变性梯度凝胶电泳法(DGGE)和平板技术，对三种典型类型大曲的活性和微生物多样性进行了研究。细菌DGGE图谱和平板分析表明，大曲的细菌组成以芽孢杆菌属、泛托亚属、糖多孢属、阴沟肠杆菌和阪崎慢杆菌为主，乳酸菌包括卫塞拉属、戊糖小球菌属。真菌平板的DGGE分析鉴定为黑曲霉、丛枝杆菌、根霉。和青霉属(Penicillium sp.)为大曲中的优势真菌。DGGE结果表明，QC(青茶)和HX(红心)的微生物区系比HR(怀浪)大曲的细菌区系更复杂。QC的微生物总数比HR和HX大曲高约1logcfu g(-1)。QC的糖化力显著高于HR和HX大曲，QC的液化力显著高于HR，但略低于HX大曲。我们的结果表明，微生物多样性在决定典型类型大曲的活性方面起着至关重要的作用。
Daqu is a fermentation starter used in traditional Chinese vinegar production and determines the quality of the final vinegar products. In this study, the activity and microbial diversity of three typical types of Daqu were investigated using a nested PCR-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and plating technique. The bacterial DGGE profile and plate analysis indicated that the bacterial composition of Daqu was dominated by Bacillus sp., Pantoea sp., Saccharopolyspora sp., Enterobacter cloaceae and Cronobacter sakazakii, and lactic acid bacteria including Weissella sp., Pediococcus pentosaceus. DGGE analysis of fungal plates identified Aspergillus niger, Absidia corymbifera, Rhizopus sp. and Penicillium sp. as the predominant fungi involved in Daqu. However, DGGE results indicated that the bacterial microbiota of QC (Qing-Cha) and HX (Hong-Xin) were more complex than that of HR (Huai-Rang) Daqu. The total populations of microorganisms in QC were about 1 log CFU g(-1) higher than in HR and HX Daqu. Moreover, the saccharifying power of QC was significantly higher than in HR and HX Daqu, and the liquefying power of QC was significantly higher than in HR, but slightly lower than in HX Daqu. Our results indicate that microbial diversity plays a crucial role in determining the activity of typical types of Daqu.