Environmental impact of mining activities on the surface water quality in Tibet: Gyama valley
Environmental impact of mining activities on the surface water quality in Tibet: Gyama valley
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DOI：
10.1016/j.scitotenv.2010.05.015
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发表时间：
2010-09-01
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
Vogt, Rolf D.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Huang, Xiang;Sillanpaa, Mika;Vogt, Rolf D.
西藏近20年的工业规模金属开采作业对该地区的地表水质量造成了影响。然而，没有向公众提供有关污染的信息。本研究基于2006年、2007年和2008年在佳玛河谷收集的数据，利用环境风险指数(I-ER)文件，发现河谷上中段地表水和河床中铜、铅、锌、锰、铁和铝浓度升高，对当地环境构成相当高的风险。相比之下，河源区的风险水平为零，下游仅为轻微风险。河流上游/中部的铁和铜污染似乎既是自然的，也是采矿活动加速的。由于降水和对河床的吸附以及支流的强烈稀释最终被拉萨河最终稀释，水体中的溶解污染物水平在下游短距离内下降。河流沉积物中的重金属含量较高，尾矿中含有大量的煤矸石和选矿物质，对下游用水用户构成了巨大的潜在威胁。全球变暖或采矿活动增加等环境变化可能会增加这些重金属池的流动性。(C)2010爱思唯尔B.V.保留所有权利。
Nearly 20 years of industrial scale metal mining operations in Tibet have caused an impact on the region's surface water quality. However, no information with respect to the pollution has been provided to the public. The aim of this work was to evaluate the chemical quality of the stream water and to assess the present and future potential risks of acid mine drainage to the regional and downstream environments.This study, based on data collected in 2006, 2007 and 2008 in the Gyama valley, using the Environmental Risk Index (I-ER) documents that elevated concentrations of Cu, Pb, Zn, Mn, Fe and Al in the surface water and streambed at the upper/middle part of the valley pose a considerably high risk to the local environment. In contrast, the risk level at the stream source area is zero and only minor risk at the lower reaches. The iron and copper contamination of the upper/middle part of the river appears to be both natural and accelerated by the mining activities. The level of dissolved contaminants in the water decreases within short distance downstream due to precipitation and sorption to the streambed and strong dilution by a tributary stream and eventually by the Lhasa River.A high content of heavy metals in the stream sediments as well as in a number of tailings with gangue and material from the ore processing, poses a great potential threat to the downstream water users. Environmental changes such as global warming or increased mining activity may increase the mobility of these pools of heavy metals. (c) 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.