Paleotropical Diversification Dominates the Evolution of the Hyperdiverse Ant Tribe Crematogastrini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
Paleotropical Diversification Dominates the Evolution of the Hyperdiverse Ant Tribe Crematogastrini (Hymenoptera: Formicidae)
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DOI：
10.1093/isd/ixy013
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发表时间：
2018-09-01
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Brady, Sean G.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blaimer, Bonnie B.;Ward, Philip S.;Brady, Sean G.
不同系统发育谱系的蚂蚁的多样性水平差异显着。事实证明，早期蚂蚁进化中的快速辐射通常很难用传统的适度规模的桑格测序数据集来解决。我们通过分析来自 56 个属 153 个物种的近 1,800 个超保守元件 (UCE) 位点的序列数据，提供了关于高度多样化蚂蚁部落 Crematogastrini 进化的系统发育学视角。我们使用串联最大似然和物种树方法重建了接近完整的属级系统发育，估计了部落的分歧日期和多样化率，并研究了巢穴的进化。我们的结果显示了 10 个得到充分支持的主要分支，我们将其定义为 Cataulacus、Carebara、Vollenhovia、Podomyrma、Crematogaster、Mayriella、Lordomyrma、Myrmecina、Paratopula 和 Formicoxenus 属群。据估计，这些谱系是在相对较短的时间间隔（50-70 Ma）内从古热带祖先（冠群年龄类似于 75 Ma）产生的。非洲热带地区，尤其是印度马拉雅地区似乎在该部落的早期多样化历史中发挥了关键作用。人们发现，多样化率的一些变化与分布广泛的大型属的进化有关。然而，我们无法自信地将这些转变与进化创新或事件联系起来。树栖栖息地已成功地被来自地面筑巢祖先的火胃胃中的少数分支成功殖民，并且没有逆转的支持。我们对火胃胃的属级系统发育提供了对最多样化的蚂蚁分支之一的多样化和进化的见解，并且我们将部落划分为得到充分支持的属群谱系，为更详细的物种级研究奠定了基础。
Levels of diversity vary strikingly among different phylogenetic lineages of ants. Rapid radiations in early ant evolution have often proven difficult to resolve with traditional Sanger-sequencing data sets of modest size. We provide a phylogenomic perspective on the evolution of the hyperdiverse ant tribe Crematogastrini by analyzing sequence data for nearly 1,800 ultraconserved element (UCE) loci from 153 species comprising 56 genera. We reconstruct a next-to-complete genus-level phylogeny using concatenated maximum likelihood and species-tree approaches, estimate divergence dates and diversification rates for the tribe, and investigate the evolution of nest sites. Our results show 10 well-supported major clades which we define as the Cataulacus, Carebara, Vollenhovia, Podomyrma, Crematogaster, Mayriella, Lordomyrma, Myrmecina, Paratopula, and Formicoxenus genus-groups. These lineages are estimated to have arisen from a Paleotropical ancestor (crown-group age similar to 75 Ma) over a relatively short time interval (50-70 Ma). The Afrotropical and especially the Indomalayan regions appear to have played a key role in the early diversification history of the tribe. Several shifts in diversification rates were found to be related to the evolution of large, widespread genera; however, we were unable to confidently associate these shifts with evolutionary innovations or events. Arboreal habitats have been successfully colonized by only few clades within Crematogastrini from ground-nesting ancestors, with no reversals supported. Our genus-level phylogeny for Crematogastrini provides insights into the diversification and evolution of one of the most diverse clades of ants, and our division of the tribe into well-supported genus-group lineages sets the stage for more detailed species-level investigations.