Shifting phenology and abundance under experimental warming alters trophic relationships and plant reproductive capacity
Shifting phenology and abundance under experimental warming alters trophic relationships and plant reproductive capacity
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DOI：
10.1890/10-2060.1
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发表时间：
2011-06-01
期刊：
影响因子：
4.8
通讯作者：
Sun, Shucun
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Liu, Yinzhan;Reich, Peter B.;Sun, Shucun
气候变化导致的物候期不匹配可能会产生重要的生态后果。在一项为期三年的研究中，由于实验性变暖引起的物候变化显着改变了植物和食草昆虫之间的营养关系，导致其中一种植物的繁殖能力急剧下降。在西藏草甸，龙胆（Gentiana福尔摩沙）通常在主要以优势杂类（银莲花，银莲花trullifolia var. linearis）。然而，类似1.5摄氏度的人工升温使龙胆花和银莲花的植物物候提前了一周，但使蛾幼虫的出现推迟了两周。变暖增加幼虫密度10倍，但海葵密度下降了30%。在温暖的条件下，物候和密度的变化导致昆虫幼虫喂养的龙胆花和胚珠，有类似的100倍以上的损害，在温暖的比在unwarmed室。这种从根本上增加的营养联系减少了龙胆植物的繁殖，并可能导致其在温暖的房间减少丰度。
Phenological mismatches due to climate change may have important ecological consequences. In a three-year study, phenological shifts due to experimental warming markedly altered trophic relationships between plants and insect herbivores, causing a dramatic decline of reproductive capacity for one of the plant species. In a Tibetan meadow, the gentian (Gentiana formosa) typically flowers after the peak larva density of a noctuid moth (Melanchra pisi) that primarily feeds on a dominant forb (anemone, Anemone trullifolia var. linearis). However, artificial warming of similar to 1.5 degrees C advanced gentian flower phenology and anemone vegetative phenology by a week, but delayed moth larvae emergence by two weeks. The warming increased larval density 10-fold, but decreased anemone density by 30%. The phenological and density shifts under warmed conditions resulted in the insect larvae feeding substantially on the gentian flowers and ovules; there was similar to 100-fold more damage in warmed than in unwarmed chambers. This radically increased trophic connection reduced gentian plant reproduction and likely contributed to its reduced abundance in the warmed chambers.