Age-specific changes in sperm levels among female tsetse (Glossina spp.) with a model for the time course of insemination
Age-specific changes in sperm levels among female tsetse (Glossina spp.) with a model for the time course of insemination
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1365-3032.2012.00845.x
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
影响因子：
1.5
通讯作者：
Hargrove, John W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Hargrove, John W.
对在津巴布韦捕获了11年的苍白舌蝇(Glossina Pallidipe Austen)(n=154369)和毛舌蝇(Glossina Morsitans Morsitans Westwood)(n=19659)的年龄、受精和排卵状况进行了卵巢解剖。两个物种的瞬时受精率随着年龄的增长呈指数增长；白纹伊蚊90%的受精率在羽化后5天达到，苍白球藻在7天后达到，随季节变化不大。这两个物种的95%以上在8天龄前排卵，99%在12天龄前排卵。没有排卵的老年苍蝇在10月和11月被捕获的可能性是其他月份的100倍。捕获量减少500倍并没有导致雌性受精概率的任何明显下降。部分充满受精卵的比例在大约6天内上升，然后下降，这与一些果蝇交配不止一次的情况一致。对于被电子蚊帐捕获的苍蝇，在捕获过程中翅膀没有损坏，翅膀磨损数据被用来延长卵巢年龄估计，最多11个排卵。在这些果蝇中，在排卵7次的果蝇中，精子在受精囊中的体积几乎没有下降；此后，每次排卵大约下降1%。授精的时间进程和雌性的交配频率是建立采采蝇种群模型的重要考虑因素，也是涉及释放转基因昆虫的干预措施的动态，目前观察到的有限的一夫多妻制不应严重影响这一点。
The age, insemination and ovulation status of tsetse flies Glossina pallidipes Austen (n = 154369) and Glossina morsitans morsitans Westwood (n = 19659), captured over 11 years in Zimbabwe, are assessed by ovarian dissection. Instantaneous rates of insemination increase exponentially with age in both species; 90% insemination levels are reached after 5 days post-emergence in G. m. morsitans and 7 days in G. pallidipes, varying little with season. More than 95% of both species have ovulated by the age of 8 days and 99% by 12 days. Older flies that have not ovulated are > 100-fold more likely to be caught in October and November than in other months. A 500-fold decrease in trap catches did not result in any detectible decrease in the probability of females being inseminated. The proportion of partially filled spermathecae rises for approximately 6 days then declines, consistent with some flies having mated more than once. For flies caught on electric nets, with wings undamaged during capture, wing-fray data are used to extend ovarian age estimates up to 11 ovulations. Among these flies, the volume of sperm in the spermathecae declines little in flies that have ovulated up to seven times; thereafter, it declines by approximately 1% per ovulation. The time course of insemination and the mating frequency of females are important considerations in modelling tsetse fly populations, as well as for the dynamics of interventions involving the release of genetically-modified insects, which should not be seriously compromised by the limited levels of polyandry currently observed.