Does Drinking Reduce Stress?
Does Drinking Reduce Stress?
复制标题
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
1999
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
M. Sayette
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
M. Sayette
几个世纪以来，人们一直用酒精来缓解压力——也就是说，把一件事解释为伤害、损失或威胁的信号。机体通常会对压力做出各种行为、生物和认知变化的反应。饮酒会导致压力反应抑制（SRD）效应，这可以用不同的方法来评估。许多个体差异和情境因素有助于决定一个人在饮酒后经历SRD的程度。个体差异包括酗酒家族史、人格特征、自我意识程度、认知功能和性别。影响酒精的SRD效应的情境因素包括压力情况下的分心以及饮酒和压力的时机。注意分配模型和评价中断模型被用来解释这些情境因素的影响。
For centuries, people have used alcohol to relieve stress—that is, the interpretation of an event as signaling harm, loss, or threat. The organism usually responds to stress with a variety of behavioral, biological, and cognitive changes. Alcohol consumption can result in a stress-response dampening (SRD) effect, which can be assessed using various measures. Numerous individual differences and situational factors help determine the extent to which a person experiences SRD after consuming alcohol. Individual differences include a family history of alcoholism, personality traits, extent of self-consciousness, cognitive functioning, and gender. Situational factors influencing alcohol’s SRD effect include distractions during a stressful situation and the timing of drinking and stress. The attention-allocation model and the appraisal disruption model have been advanced to explain the influence of those situational factors.