ORGANIZATION OF THE PRIMATE FACE MOTOR CORTEX AS REVEALED BY INTRACORTICAL MICROSTIMULATION AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL IDENTIFICATION OF AFFERENT INPUTS AND CORTICOBULBAR PROJECTIONS
ORGANIZATION OF THE PRIMATE FACE MOTOR CORTEX AS REVEALED BY INTRACORTICAL MICROSTIMULATION AND ELECTROPHYSIOLOGICAL IDENTIFICATION OF AFFERENT INPUTS AND CORTICOBULBAR PROJECTIONS
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DOI：
10.1152/jn.1988.59.3.796
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发表时间：
1988-03-01
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
SESSLE, BJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
HUANG, CS;SIRISKO, MA;SESSLE, BJ
1.皮质内微刺激（ICMS）技术，辅以单神经元记录，被用来进行广泛的映射的面部初级运动皮层。ICMS研究涉及在10只未麻醉猴（Macaca fascicularis）中进行的总计969次微电极穿刺。2. ICMS诱发的运动和相关的肌电图（EMG）活动的监测显示了运动皮层组织的一般模式。其特征在于面部肌肉组织的表现，其部分封闭并重叠了代表颌和舌肌肉组织的更外侧皮质区域的吻侧、内侧和尾侧边界。反应诱发ICMS阈值低至1微安，阈上肌电反应的潜伏期范围从10到45毫秒。虽然对侧运动占主导地位，同侧运动的代表被发现，这是更广泛的比以前报道的，这是混合在前面的运动皮层对侧的代表。4.在研究表征的精细组织模式时，我们发现了特定肌肉的多重表征的明确证据，从而支持了运动皮层的其他研究，这些研究表明，多个但离散的传出微区代表了运动皮层的基本组织原则。5.所有三个肌肉群的代表的密切相互关系，以及相当大的同侧代表的存在，可能允许许多面部，下颌和舌头肌肉的单侧或双侧活动的必要整合，这是这些不同肌肉参与的许多运动模式的特征。6.在这些相同的动物中的六只，加上另外两只动物，在麻醉状态下在运动和相邻的感觉皮层中进行单神经元记录。这些神经元被电生理鉴定为皮质延髓投射神经元或非投射神经元，对浅表或深部口面传入输入有反应。ICMS和这些电生理程序比单独的细胞结构特征更清晰地描绘了面部运动皮层的吻侧、内侧、外侧和尾侧边界。我们注意到，有一个近似的拟合在4区之间的范围内的投射神经元和场电位逆向诱发的脑干和积极的ICMS网站的范围。（400字处截断摘要）
1. The technique of intracortical microstimulation (ICMS), supplemented by single-neuron recording, was used to carry out an extensive mapping of the face primary motor cortex. The ICMS study involved a total of 969 microelectrode penetrations carried out in 10 unanesthetized monkeys (Macaca fascicularis). 2. Monitoring of ICMS-evoked movements and associated electromyographic (EMG) activity revealed a general pattern of motor cortical organization. This was characterized by a representation of the facial musculature, which partially enclosed and overlapped the rostral, medial, and caudal borders of the more laterally located cortical regions representing the jaw and tongue musculatures. Responses were evoked at ICMS thresholds as low as 1 microA, and the latency of the suprathreshold EMG responses ranged from 10 to 45 ms. 3. Although contralateral movements predominated, a representation of ipsilateral movements was found, which was much more extensive than previously reported and which was intermingled with the contralateral representations in the anterior face motor cortex. 4. In examining the fine organizational pattern of the representations, we found clear evidence for multiple representation of a particular muscle, thus supporting other investigations of the motor cortex, which indicate that multiple, yet discrete, efferent microzones represent an essential organizational principle of the motor cortex. 5. The close interrelationship of the representations of all three muscle groups, as well as the presence of a considerable ipsilateral representation, may allow for the necessary integration of unilateral or bilateral activities of the numerous face, jaw, and tongue muscles, which is a feature of many of the movement patterns in which these various muscles participate. 6. In six of these same animals, plus an additional two animals, single-neuron recordings were made in the motor and adjacent sensory cortices in the anesthetized state. These neurons were electrophysiologically identified as corticobulbar projection neurons or as nonprojection neurons responsive to superficial or deep orofacial afferent inputs. The rostral, medial, lateral, and caudal borders of the face motor cortex were delineated with greater definition by ICMS and these electrophysiological procedures than by cytoarchitectonic features alone. We noted that there was an approximate fit in area 4 between the extent of projection neurons and field potentials anti-dromically evoked from the brain stem and the extent of positive ICMS sites.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS)