Ultrafine particle-lung interactions:: Does size matter?
Ultrafine particle-lung interactions:: Does size matter?
复制标题
DOI：
10.1089/jam.2006.19.74
复制
发表时间：
2006-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Möller, W
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kreyling, WG;Semmler-Behnke, M;Möller, W
流行病学研究继续表明，暴露于环境中细颗粒物和超细颗粒物浓度增加与易感人群的不良健康影响之间存在关联。环境大气中的超细颗粒物似乎起到了特定的作用。然而，剂量学(包括呼吸道中的沉积模式，特别是超细颗粒的生物动力学命运)还没有完全了解。与细颗粒物相反，吸入的超细颗粒物似乎在生物体中遵循不同的路线。流行病学研究中观察到的心血管效应引发了关于超细颗粒从呼吸道上皮向循环和随后的靶器官如心、肝和脑的移位增强的讨论，最终对心脏功能和凝血功能以及中枢神经系统功能造成不利影响。综述了超细粒子在人体和动物模型中全身性转运的研究现状。此外，慢性暴露期间次级靶器官中累积的粒子数量的估计是从从大鼠身上获得的长期易位数据推断出来的。毒理学研究旨在提供超细颗粒物对健康影响的生物学合理性，并确定导致从生理状态逐渐转变为病理生理变化并最终导致慢性病的级联机制。考虑到不溶性超细颗粒与生物系统(如体液、蛋白质和细胞)之间的相互作用，目前对超细颗粒如何引起不良反应的认识还存在空白。本文综述了不溶性超细粒子与生物系统相互作用的现有概念。
Epidemiological studies continue to indicate associations between exposure to increased concentrations of ambient fine and ultrafine particles and adverse health effects in susceptible individuals. The ultrafine particle fraction in the ambient atmosphere seems to play a specific role. Yet, the dosimetry (including deposition patterns in the respiratory tract and, particularly, the biokinetic fate of ultrafine particles) is not fully understood. In contrast to fine particles, inhaled ultrafine particles seem to follow different routes in the organism. Cardiovascular effects observed in epidemiological studies triggered the discussion on enhanced translocation of ultrafine particles from the respiratory epithelium towards circulation and subsequent target organs, such as heart, liver, and brain, eventually causing adverse effects on cardiac function and blood coagulation, as well as on functions of the central nervous system. Current knowledge on systemic translocation of ultrafine particles in humans and animal models is reviewed. Additionally, an estimate of accumulating particle numbers in secondary target organs during chronic exposure is extrapolated from long-term translocation data obtained from rats. Toxicological studies aim to provide the biological plausibility of health effects of ultrafine particles and to identify cascades of mechanisms that are causal for the gradual transition from the physiological status towards pathophysiologcal alterations and eventually chronic disease. Considering the interaction between insoluble ultrafine particles and biological systems (such as body fluids, proteins, and cells), there still are gaps in the current knowledge on how ultrafine particles may cause adverse reactions. This paper reviews the current concept of interactions between insoluble ultrafine particles and biological systems.