Models for the extrapolation of target motion for manual interception.
Models for the extrapolation of target motion for manual interception.
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用于手动拦截的目标运动外推模型。
DOI：
10.1152/jn.00398.2009
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发表时间：
2009
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
Rao,HrishikeshM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Soechting,JohnF;Juveli,JohnZ;Rao,HrishikeshM
拦截运动目标需要预测目标的未来运动。该外推可以使用目标运动的感测参数来实现，例如，其位置和速度。然而，如果受试者也能够结合目标运动的统计特性，预测的准确性将会提高，这些统计特性是在他们观看目标运动时积累的。目前的实验就是为了测试这种可能性。受试者通过将伸出的手指沿着显示器的表面滑动，截获了电脑显示器屏幕上移动的目标。在六条可能的目标路径中的任何一条上，目标速度可以由三种可能的规则之一来控制：恒定速度、速度和曲率之间的幂函数关系、或者由正弦和产生的轨迹。发出GO信号开始拦截，当目标具有相同的速度时，总是出现GO信号，而不考虑运动规律。考察了手指运动初始方向对目标运动规律的依赖关系。与假设相反，这个方向并不取决于目标的速度分布。然而，通过假设目标位置是使用目标速度来外推的，并且外推量取决于手指到目标的距离，可以很好地预测手指方向。随后的分析表明，当运动最初被误导时，同样的目标运动模型也被用于在线、视觉中介的手指运动校正。
Intercepting a moving target requires a prediction of the target's future motion. This extrapolation could be achieved using sensed parameters of the target motion, e.g., its position and velocity. However, the accuracy of the prediction would be improved if subjects were also able to incorporate the statistical properties of the target's motion, accumulated as they watched the target move. The present experiments were designed to test for this possibility. Subjects intercepted a target moving on the screen of a computer monitor by sliding their extended finger along the monitor's surface. Along any of the six possible target paths, target speed could be governed by one of three possible rules: constant speed, a power law relation between speed and curvature, or the trajectory resulting from a sum of sinusoids. A go signal was given to initiate interception and was always presented when the target had the same speed, irrespective of the law of motion. The dependence of the initial direction of finger motion on the target's law of motion was examined. This direction did not depend on the speed profile of the target, contrary to the hypothesis. However, finger direction could be well predicted by assuming that target location was extrapolated using target velocity and that the amount of extrapolation depended on the distance from the finger to the target. Subsequent analysis showed that the same model of target motion was also used for on-line, visually mediated corrections of finger movement when the motion was initially misdirected.