Spatio-temporal prediction modulates the perception of self-produced stimuli
Spatio-temporal prediction modulates the perception of self-produced stimuli
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DOI：
10.1162/089892999563607
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发表时间：
1999-09-01
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Wolpert, DM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Blakemore, SJ;Frith, CD;Wolpert, DM
我们研究了为什么自我产生的触觉刺激被认为是不那么强烈的比外部产生的相同的刺激。右手手掌上的触觉刺激要么是机器人外部产生的，要么是受试者自己产生的。在触觉刺激自我产生的条件下，受试者用他们的左手移动机器人的手臂，通过第二次反驳在他们的右手上产生触觉刺激。受试者被要求评价触觉的强度，并且一致地将自我产生的触觉刺激评定为比外部产生的触觉刺激更不痒、强烈和愉快。使用这种机器人设置，我们能够操纵受试者左手的动作和右手的触觉刺激之间的对应关系。首先，我们参数化地改变了左手的运动和右手上的触觉刺激的运动之间的延迟。第二，我们实现了不同程度的轨迹扰动，并改变了触觉刺激运动的方向作为左手运动方向的函数。随着延迟和轨迹扰动的增加，痒感等级显着增加。这表明，自我产生的运动衰减所产生的触觉，这种衰减的必要条件是，触觉刺激和其因果运动命令在时间和空间上相对应。我们提出，自我产生的触觉被减弱的程度（即，它的粘性）与由运动系统的内部前向模型预测的感觉反馈和由运动产生的实际感觉反馈之间的误差成比例。
We investigated why self-produced tactile stimulation is perceived as less intense than the same stimulus produced externally. A tactile stimulus on the palm of the right hand was either externally produced, by a robot or self-produced by the subject. In the conditions in which the tactile stimulus was self-produced, subjects moved the arm of a robot with their left hand to produce the tactile stimulus on their right hand via a second rebut. Subjects were asked to rate intensity of the tactile sensation and consistently rated self-produced tactile stimuli as less tickly, intense, and pleasant than externally produced tactile stimuli. Using this robotic setup we were able to manipulate the correspondence between the action of the subjects' left hand and the tactile stimulus on their right hand. First, we parametrically varied the delay between the movement of the left hand and the resultant movement of the tactile stimulus on the right hand. Second, we implemented varying degrees of trajectory perturbation and varied the direction of the tactile stimulus movement as a function of the direction of left-hand movement. The tickliness rating increased significantly with increasing delay and trajectory perturbation. This suggests that self-produced movements attenuate the resultant tactile sensation and that a necessary requirement of this attenuation is that the tactile stimulus and its causal motor command correspond in time and space. We propose that the extent to which self-produced tactile sensation is attenuated (i.e., its tickliness) is proportional to the error between the sensory feedback predicted by an internal forward model of the motor system and the actual sensory feedback produced by the movement.