Occupational risk of COVID-19 in the first versus second epidemic wave in Norway, 2020.
Occupational risk of COVID-19 in the first versus second epidemic wave in Norway, 2020.
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DOI：
10.2807/1560-7917.es.2021.26.40.2001875
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发表时间：
2021-10
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Telle K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Magnusson K;Nygård K;Methi F;Vold L;Telle K
第一波和第二波流行中的 COVID-19 职业风险可能有所不同。研究挪威 2020 年 7 月 18 日前后第一波和第二波疫情期间，通常需要与他人密切接触的职业的员工是否面临 SARS-CoV-2 感染和 COVID-19 相关住院的较高风险。我们使用标准职业分类 (ISCO-08) 代码将从事与患者、儿童、学生或客户相关的职业的个人纳入其中。我们使用针对年龄、性别、出生国家和婚姻状况进行调整的逻辑回归，将从事此类职业的 20-70 岁居民（2020 年 1 月 1 日为 3,559,694 人）（平均值：44.1；标准差：14.3 岁；51% 男性）与其他职业的年龄匹配个体进行比较。与其他工作年龄的人相比，护士、医生、牙医和物理治疗师在第一波感染 COVID-19 的几率是其他人的 2-3.5 倍。在第二波中，调酒师、服务员、食品柜台服务员、交通售票员、旅行管家、儿童保育人员、学前班和小学教师的感染几率约为1.25-2倍。公共汽车、有轨电车和出租车司机在两波感染中的感染几率均有所增加（优势比：1.2-2.1）。职业与严重感染的几率相关性有限，这里研究的是因该疾病住院治疗。我们对整个挪威人口的研究结果可能与国家和地区当局处理这一流行病有关。此外，我们还为未来更有针对性的封锁和疾病控制措施研究提供了知识基础。
The occupational risk of COVID-19 may be different in the first versus second epidemic wave. To study whether employees in occupations that typically entail close contact with others were at higher risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection and COVID-19-related hospitalisation during the first and second epidemic wave before and after 18 July 2020, in Norway. We included individuals in occupations working with patients, children, students, or customers using Standard Classification of Occupations (ISCO-08) codes. We compared residents (3,559,694 on 1 January 2020) in such occupations aged 20–70 years (mean: 44.1; standard deviation: 14.3 years; 51% men) to age-matched individuals in other professions using logistic regression adjusted for age, sex, birth country and marital status. Nurses, physicians, dentists and physiotherapists had 2–3.5 times the odds of COVID-19 during the first wave when compared with others of working age. In the second wave, bartenders, waiters, food counter attendants, transport conductors, travel stewards, childcare workers, preschool and primary school teachers had ca 1.25–2 times the odds of infection. Bus, tram and taxi drivers had an increased odds of infection in both waves (odds ratio: 1.2–2.1). Occupation was of limited relevance for the odds of severe infection, here studied as hospitalisation with the disease. Our findings from the entire Norwegian population may be of relevance to national and regional authorities in handling the epidemic. Also, we provide a knowledge foundation for more targeted future studies of lockdowns and disease control measures.