Reproductive control via the threat of eviction in the clown anemonefish
Reproductive control via the threat of eviction in the clown anemonefish
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DOI：
10.1098/rspb.2018.1295
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发表时间：
2018-11-21
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Buston, P. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Rueger, T.;Barbasch, T. A.;Buston, P. M.
在社会群体中，当群体的生殖产出有限时，预计会出现高生殖偏斜，并且主导个体可以抑制从属的生殖努力。生殖抑制通常被认为是通过公开的侵犯或驱逐威胁发生的。然而，不清楚的是，仅仅是驱逐的威胁是否足以促使下属限制生育。在这里，我们测试两个假设的约束模型的生殖偏斜调查是否资源限制产生生殖竞争和驱逐的威胁是否导致生殖约束的小丑海葵双锯鱼。首先，我们使用喂养实验来测试繁殖是否是资源有限的，这将创造一个激励优势对抑制从属繁殖。我们发现，在研究期间，种群中的产卵数量增加，但喂食组的百分比增加是未喂食组的两倍多（分别为205%和78%）。其次，我们使用驱逐实验来测试是否占主导地位的对驱逐成熟的下属，这将创造一个激励下属放弃繁殖。我们发现，成熟的下属被驱逐的可能性比不成熟的下属相同大小的七倍。总之，我们提供了实验支持的约束模型的假设表明，资源限制创造生殖竞争和一个可信的威胁驱逐有助于解释为什么下属放弃繁殖。transmittance模型的生殖偏斜可能适用于这个和其他简单的系统。
In social groups, high reproductive skew is predicted to arise when the reproductive output of a group is limited, and dominant individuals can suppress subordinate reproductive efforts. Reproductive suppression is often assumed to occur via overt aggression or the threat of eviction. It is unclear, however, whether the threat of eviction alone is sufficient to induce reproductive restraint by subordinates. Here, we test two assumptions of the restraint model of reproductive skew by investigating whether resource limitation generates reproductive competition and whether the threat of eviction leads to reproductive restraint in the clown anemonefish Amphiprion percula. First, we use a feeding experiment to test whether reproduction is resource limited, which would create an incentive for the dominant pair to suppress subordinate reproduction. We show that the number of eggs laid increased in the population over the study period, but the per cent increase in fed groups was more than twice that in unfed groups (205% and 78%, respectively). Second, we use an eviction experiment to test whether the dominant pair evicts mature subordinates, which would create an incentive for the subordinates to forgo reproduction. We show that mature subordinates are seven times more likely to be evicted than immature subordinates of the same size. In summary, we provide experimental support for the assumptions of the restraint model by showing that resource limitation creates reproductive competition and a credible threat of eviction helps explain why subordinates forego reproduction. Transactional models of reproductive skew may apply well to this and other simple systems.