Unique Biometric IDs: Governmentality and Appropriation in a Digital India
Unique Biometric IDs: Governmentality and Appropriation in a Digital India
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独特的生物识别 ID：数字印度中的政府管理和拨款
DOI：
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发表时间：
2015
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Elida K. U. Jacobsen
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Elida K. U. Jacobsen
在全球范围内，各种数字身份和监控技术在公民和安全治理中的使用越来越多，从而形成了标准化的形式和实践。印度正在实施历史上最大的生物识别计划。作为国家治理数字化这一更大计划的一部分，唯一标识 (UID) 项目的目标是覆盖全体民众，大约占世界人口的 20%。本论文调查了印度生物识别身份的实施情况，询问印度政府实施生物识别的理由是什么？管理组合生物识别的国家条件如何塑造管道？人们如何利用和使用数字生物识别 ID？基于对报名地点的观察、对官员以及参与该计划的人员的半结构化和叙述性访谈，本文展示了生物识别 ID 是如何被想象和体验的。从分析上讲，本文将印度项目置于后殖民地治理的更大框架内。拨款概念的发展是为了描述政府计划被改变或修改以造福当地环境的过程。我调查了德里无家可归者的身份、印度北部小镇温达文居民的欺诈叙述以及印度银行家日常使用软件的情况，以描述此类颠覆过程。该论文表明，标准化生物识别工具尽管适用于多种环境和用途，但会在其实施的环境中陷入困境并被挪用。
On a global scale, the usage of a variety of digital ID and surveillance technologies in both civic and security governance is increasingly taking place, leading to standardised forms and practices. India is implementing the largest biometric scheme in history. As part of a larger plan to digitalise the country’s governance, the objective of the Unique Identification (UID) project is to enrol the entire populace, roughly speaking 20% of the world’s population. This dissertation investigates the implementation of biometric IDs in India, asking what are the governmental rationales of biometric identification in India? How does national conditions of possibility for governing conbiometric identification shape the duct? And, how do people utilise and appropriate digital, biometric IDs? Based on observation of enrolment sites, semi-structuredand narrative interviews of officials, as well as persons enrolled into the scheme, the dissertation shows how biometric IDs are imagined and experienced. Analytically, the dissertation places the Indian project within the larger framework of governmentality in the post-colony. The concept of appropriation is developed to describe the processes by which governmental schemes are altered or modified to benefit local contexts. I investigate the identification of the homeless in Delhi, narratives on fraud by inhabitants in the northern Indian town of Vrindavan, and the daily utilisation of software by Indian bankers, to describe such processes of subversion. The dissertation shows that standardised biometric tools, albeit applicable to multiple contexts and usages, become enmeshed and appropriated in the contexts in which they are implemented.
DOI：
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发表时间：
2012
期刊：
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影响因子：
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作者：
Salter, Mark B.;Mutlu, Can E.
通讯作者：
Mutlu, Can E.