Moderators of post-identification feedback effects on eyewitnesses' memory reports
Moderators of post-identification feedback effects on eyewitnesses' memory reports
复制标题
识别后反馈对目击者记忆报告影响的调节因素
DOI：
--
复制
发表时间：
2010
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
C. Semmler
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Douglass;N. Brewer;C. Semmler
目的。提供给目击者的信息表明他们的辨认是正确的（即辨认后的反馈）扭曲了目击者的记忆报告。反馈对主观判断的影响比对客观判断的影响更明显。我们调查了两个可能解释这一发现的变量：回答格式和问题的可验证性。通过改变参与者（N = 160）是否使用填空选项或李克特量表回答客观问题来操纵回答格式。问题的可验证性是通过包括客观问题来操纵的，这些问题的答案要么是实验者知道的，要么是不知道的。客观测量产生不显著的反馈效应，而大多数主观测量产生较大的反馈效应。响应格式和可验证性都没有调节反馈对任何措施的影响。研究者应在理论记忆研究的指导下，继续寻找识别后反馈效应的调节因子。此外，即使理想的统计技术需要跨度量的崩溃，他们也应该公布个体依赖度量的描述性统计数据。这种方法将使未来的研究人员能够评估客观和主观测量之间的差异。最后，研究人员应该避免对反馈敏感性的广度进行笼统的陈述——由于未知的原因，客观测量通常不受识别后反馈的影响。语言:在
Purpose. Information provided to eyewitnesses suggesting that their identification was correct (i.e., post-identification feedback) distorts witnesses' memory reports. More pronounced effects of feedback have been detected for subjective than for objective judgments. We investigated two variables that might explain this finding: response format and question verifiability.Methods. Response format was manipulated by varying whether participants (N = 160) answered objective questions using fill-in-the-blank options or Likert scales. Question verifiability was manipulated within-subjects by including objective questions for which the answers either could or could not be known by the experimenter.Results. Objective measures produced non-significant feedback effects, whereas most subjective measures produced large feedback effects. Neither response format nor verifiability moderated the feedback effect on any of the measures.Conclusions. Researchers should continue to search for moderators of the post-identification feedback effect, guided by theoretical memory research. In addition, they should publish descriptive statistics for individual dependent measures, even if the ideal statistical techniques require collapsing across measures. This approach will allow future researchers to evaluate the difference between objective and subjective measures. Finally, researchers should avoid sweeping statements about the breadth of susceptibility to feedback - objective measures, for reasons unknown, are generally unaffected by post-identification feedback. Language: en