Environmental Justice as Recognition and Participation in Risk Assessment: Negotiating and Translating Health Risk at a Superfund Site in Indian Country
Environmental Justice as Recognition and Participation in Risk Assessment: Negotiating and Translating Health Risk at a Superfund Site in Indian Country
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DOI：
10.1080/00045608.2011.641892
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发表时间：
2012-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Holifield, Ryan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Holifield, Ryan
关于环境正义和风险的地理研究正在超越其对邻近和空间分布的传统关注，越来越多地认识到环境正义的其他方面--包括承认和参与--以及风险本身所涉及的多重空间。然而，关于环境正义的批判性学术没有充分考虑到风险评估的过程，关于风险构建的研究也没有充分涉及环境正义的影响。通过对明尼苏达州水利池湖保护区圣瑞吉斯超级基金遗址的人类健康风险评估的分析，本文调查了风险空间性和环境正义空间性作为参与和认可之间的交叉点。我认为，作为地点、领土和规模的保留的历史产生不仅源于分配不公正，而且源于错误认识和边缘化参与风险评估和管理的不公正。另一方面，我认为，不断变化的标量和网络空间关系使奥吉布韦的水蛭湖带能够加强风险评估，因为考虑到保留地作为与部落传统生活方式权利相关的地方和领土的重要性。尽管如此，关于种族和财产的主导假设的流传继续将风险评估的“竞技场”构建为不平衡的，关于环境正义和风险的学术和政策需要注意这种不对称。
Geographic research on environmental justice and risk is moving beyond its conventional focus on proximity and spatial distribution, increasingly recognizing multiple spatialities entailed in other dimensions of environmental justice-including recognition and participation-and in risk itself. Critical scholarship on environmental justice, however, has insufficiently considered the process of risk assessment, and research on the construction of risk has not fully engaged with the implications of environmental justice. Through analysis of human health risk assessment at the St. Regis Superfund site, on the Leech Lake Reservation in Minnesota, this article investigates intersections between spatialities of risk and spatialities of environmental justice as participation and recognition. I argue that the historical production of the reservation as place, territory, and scale lies at the origin not only of distributive injustices but also of injustices of misrecognition and marginalized participation in the assessment and management of risk. On the other hand, I contend that changing scalar and network spatial relations enabled the Leech Lake Band of Ojibwe to strengthen the risk assessment by taking the significance of the reservation into account, as a place and territory associated with rights to tribal traditional lifeways. Nonetheless, the circulation of dominant assumptions about race and property continues to structure the "playing field" of risk assessment as uneven, and scholarship and policy on environmental justice and risk need to attend to this asymmetry.