ON THE ARBITRARY DISTINCTION BETWEEN STATES AND TRAITS
ON THE ARBITRARY DISTINCTION BETWEEN STATES AND TRAITS
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DOI：
10.1037/0022-3514.41.5.916
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发表时间：
1981-01-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
POTKAY, CR
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ALLEN, BP;POTKAY, CR
假设状态和特质之间的区别是任意的，并对导致这种区别传播的因素进行了描述和分析。引用了观察、哲学和经验证据来源。研究了三个信念：（a）标签可以指状态和特征；（b）仪器是否测量状态或特征取决于随附的说明； (c) 状态和特质有着千丝万缕的联系，以至于状态的测量被用来导出特质指数。呈现了情绪状态概况、多重情感形容词检查表、形容词检查表、Cattell (1943) 人格标签列表和 Allport-Odbert (1936) 类别中使用的术语之间的重叠。引用经验例证来支持这样的论点，即状态与特质的区别可以用来解释几乎所有人格研究结果。（61 参考文献）（PsycINFO 数据库记录 (c) 2016 APA，保留所有权利）
Posits that the distinction between state and trait is an arbitrary one and presents a delineation and analysis of factors that have contributed to the propagation of the distinction. Observational, philosophical, and empirical sources of evidence are cited. Three beliefs are examined:(a) that a label can refer to both a state and a trait;(b) that whether an instrument measures state or trait depends on the accompanying instructions; and (c) that state and trait are so inextricably tied that a measure of state is used to derive an index of trait. Overlap among terms used in the Profile of Mood States, the Multiple Affect Adjective Check List, the Adjective Check List, Cattell's (1943) list of personality labels, and the Allport-Odbert (1936) categories is presented. Empirical illustrations are cited in support of the contention that the state–trait distinction can be used to explain almost any personality research finding post hoc.(61 ref)(PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2016 APA, all rights reserved)