Classification of Behavior Disorders in Adolescence: Scaling Methods, Predictive Validity, and Gender Differences
Classification of Behavior Disorders in Adolescence: Scaling Methods, Predictive Validity, and Gender Differences
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DOI：
10.1037/a0018610
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发表时间：
2010-11-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
Horwood, L. John
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Fergusson, David M.;Boden, Joseph M.;Horwood, L. John
本研究探讨了《精神障碍诊断和统计手册》(DSM)对青春期行为障碍(品行障碍[CD]、对立违抗障碍[ODD]、注意力缺陷/多动障碍[ADHD])诊断标准的测量和判别效度问题。数据来自995名出生在新西兰的人，他们被研究到25岁，并模拟了14岁到16岁的行为障碍与后来的结果之间的关系，包括犯罪、药物使用、心理健康、为人父母和伴侣关系的结果，以及到25岁的教育和就业结果。对行为障碍和结果之间的关联进行了调整，包括共病行为障碍和一系列混杂因素。结果表明：(A)行为障碍的维度测量与结果的相关性比分类(DSM)测量更强；(B)CD、ODD和ADHD各自具有与长期后果相关的独特模式；以及(C)没有证据表明CD、ODD和ADHD的发育后果因性别而不同。总体而言，结果支持了DSM诊断领域的有效性，但也强调了在DSM V方法中包括识别障碍严重程度和解决亚临床症状水平的重要性。
The present study examined issues relating to the measurement and discriminant validity of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM) diagnostic criteria for behavior disorders in adolescence (conduct disorder [CD], oppositional defiant disorder [ODD], attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder [ADHD]). Data were obtained from a birth cohort of 995 New Zealand born individuals studied to the age of 25 years and modeled associations between behavior disorder from ages 14 to 16 years and later outcomes including crime, substance use, mental health, parenthood and partnership outcomes, and education and employment outcomes to age 25 years. The associations between behavior disorders and outcomes were adjusted for both comorbid behavior disorders and a range of confounding factors. The results suggested that (a) dimensional measures of behavior disorder were more strongly correlated with outcomes than categorical (DSM) measures; (b) CD, ODD, and ADHD each had a distinctive pattern of associations with longer term consequences; and (c) there was no evidence to suggest that the developmental consequences of CD, ODD, and ADHD differed by gender. In general, the results supported the validity of DSM diagnostic domains but also highlighted the importance of including in DSM V methods for both recognizing the severity of disorder and addressing subclinical symptom levels.