Drinking motives as mediators of the impulsivity-substance use relation: Pathways for negative urgency, lack of premeditation, and sensation seeking
Drinking motives as mediators of the impulsivity-substance use relation: Pathways for negative urgency, lack of premeditation, and sensation seeking
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DOI：
10.1016/j.addbeh.2012.03.016
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发表时间：
2012-07-01
影响因子：
4.4
通讯作者：
Milich, Richard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Adams, Zachary W.;Kaiser, Alison J.;Milich, Richard
特质冲动是一个可靠的，强大的预测危险的，有问题的酒精使用。越来越多的证据支持冲动的多维模型，其中几个不同的特征作为鲁莽行动的人格途径。不同的与冲动有关的特征可能使个体因不同的原因而倾向于饮酒（例如，增加快乐，科普痛苦），这些不同的动机可能反过来影响饮酒行为。以前的研究结果支持这样一个中介模型的两个充分研究的特质：寻求感觉和缺乏预谋。这项研究涉及其他与冲动有关的特质，包括消极紧迫感。大学生（N = 432）完成了问卷调查，评估个性，饮酒动机和多个指标的问题饮酒。消极的紧迫感、感觉寻求和缺乏预谋都与问题性饮酒显著相关。当饮酒动机包括在模型中，感觉寻求和缺乏预谋的直接影响仍然显着，感觉寻求和缺乏预谋的问题饮酒的间接影响，通过增强动机观察。观察到负紧迫感的独特途径。消极紧迫感通过应对和增强动机对问题饮酒产生显著的总影响。这项研究强调了独特的动机途径，通过这些途径，不同的冲动特质可能会起作用，这表明旨在预防或减少问题饮酒的干预措施应该针对个人的个性。例如，消极紧迫感高的人可能会从学习更健康的应对痛苦的策略中受益。(C)2012爱思唯尔有限公司保留所有权利。
Trait impulsivity is a reliable, robust predictor of risky, problematic alcohol use. Mounting evidence supports a multidimensional model of impulsivity, whereby several distinct traits serve as personality pathways to rash action. Different impulsivity-related traits may predispose individuals to drink for different reasons (e.g., to enhance pleasure, to cope with distress) and these different motives may, in turn, influence drinking behavior. Previous findings support such a mediational model for two well-studied traits: sensation seeking and lack of premeditation. This study addresses other impulsivity-related traits, including negative urgency. College students (N = 432) completed questionnaires assessing personality, drinking motives, and multiple indicators of problematic drinking. Negative urgency, sensation seeking, and lack of premeditation were all significantly related to problematic drinking. When drinking motives were included in the model, direct effects for sensation seeking and lack of premeditation remained significant, and indirect effects of sensation seeking and lack of premeditation on problematic drinking were observed through enhancement motives. A distinct pathway was observed for negative urgency. Negative urgency bore a significant total effect on problematic drinking through both coping and enhancement motives. This study highlights unique motivational pathways through which different impulsive traits may operate, suggesting that interventions aimed at preventing or reducing problematic drinking should be tailored to individuals' personalities. For instance, individuals high in negative urgency may benefit from learning healthier strategies for coping with distress. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.