Deficits in the evolution of hand preshaping in Parkinson's disease.
Deficits in the evolution of hand preshaping in Parkinson's disease.
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帕金森病手部预成形的进化缺陷。
DOI：
10.1016/s0028-3932(03)00150-7
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发表时间：
2004
期刊：
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Poizner,Howard
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Schettino,LuisF;Rajaraman,Viswanathan;Jack,David;Adamovich,SergeiV;Sage,Jacob;Poizner,Howard
帕金森病（PD）导致各种类型的运动障碍，包括运动迟缓、震颤和僵硬。最近的研究表明，在所观察到的运动缺陷的来源更基本的过程。其中，复杂动作的顺序和/或时间安排以及内部指导任务的执行方面存在问题。此外，PD患者表现出程序性学习缺陷，这可能使涉及新感觉运动任务的研究的实验结果的解释复杂化。伸手抓握运动是一个复杂的、过度学习的感觉运动任务，由两个半独立的部分组成，一个相对简单的伸手或运输阶段和一个更复杂的操纵或伸展阶段。在本研究中，我们使用了一种新的技术，以研究PD患者和年龄匹配的控制，以不同形状的物体在三个不同的空间位置达到掌握运动过程中的手预成形的演变。我们的研究结果表明，虽然PD患者能够指定运动方向以及控制，他们的手预成形表现出重大损害。其他的伸展测量，如达到峰值孔径的时间（TPA），表明PD患者延迟了抓握的执行，直到他们的手有视觉反馈。总的来说，我们的研究结果表明，PD患者的内部指导过程被严重破坏，不得不依赖于视觉反馈，以调整他们的手形，以适应目标物体的轮廓，在达到抓运动。
Parkinson’s disease (PD) results in various types of motor impairments including bradykinesia, tremor and rigidity. Recent research has implicated more fundamental processes at the source of the observed motor deficits. Among these, problems in the sequencing and/or timing of complex movements and in the execution of internally-guided tasks. Furthermore, PD patients exhibit procedural learning deficits which may complicate the interpretation of experimental results of studies involving novel sensorimotor tasks. The reach-to-grasp movement is a complex, overlearned sensorimotor task consisting of two semi-independent components, a relatively simple reach or transport phase and a more complex manipulation or prehension phase. In the present study, we used a novel technique in order to study the evolution of hand preshaping during the reach-to-grasp movement of PD patients and age-matched controls to objects of different shapes in three different spatial locations. Our results indicate that while PD patients are able to specify movement direction as well as controls, their hand preshaping exhibits substantial impairments. Other prehension measures, such as the time to peak aperture (TPA), indicate that PD patients delayed execution of the grasp until visual feedback of their hand was available. Overall, our results suggest that PD patients’ internal guidance processes are severely disrupted, having to rely on visual feedback in order to modulate their hand shape to fit the contours of the target objects during a reach-to-grasp movement.