Social approach and place aversion in relation to conspecific pain in dairy calves
Social approach and place aversion in relation to conspecific pain in dairy calves
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DOI：
10.1371/journal.pone.0232897
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发表时间：
2020-05-14
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Weary, Daniel M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Ede, Thomas;von Keyserlingk, Marina A. G.;Weary, Daniel M.
尽管科学界对动物同理心感兴趣，而且公众对农场动物福利的关注日益增长，但农场动物的同理心能力仍在研究中。在这项研究中，我们研究了年轻荷斯坦奶牛对于从热铁除芽中恢复的同种动物的共情反应，这是奶牛场常见的痛苦过程。结合了社会方法和场所条件。首先，“观察者”小牛目睹了两只“演示者”小牛在不同的围栏中从痛苦的手术（热铁除芽和镇静）或假手术（仅镇静）中恢复过来。与假犊牛相比，观察犊牛在接近的时间更长，并且更加关注从痛苦过程中恢复的犊牛（接近度：59.6 +/- 4.3%；关注度：54.3 +/- 1.5%）。然后在第二次示威后 48 小时、72 小时和 96 小时测试观察者的条件性地方厌恶（在没有示威者的情况下）；在三项测试中的第二项测试中，观察者倾向于避开与同种疼痛相关的围栏，他们将 34.8 +/- 9.6% 的时间花在这只围栏上。没有发现疼痛同理心的有力证据，但我们的初步结果鼓励对动物同理心的进一步研究。
Despite scientific interest in animal empathy, and growing public concern for farm animal welfare, the empathic abilities of farm animals remain under researched. In this study, we investigated empathic responses of young Holstein dairy calves to conspecifics recovering from hot-iron disbudding, a painful procedure common on dairy farms. A combination of social approach and place conditioning was used. First, 'observer' calves witnessed two 'demonstrator' calves recover from either a painful procedure (hot-iron disbudding and sedation) or a sham procedure (sedation alone) in distinct pens. Observer calves spent more time in proximity and paid more attention to calves recovering from the painful procedure compared to sham calves (proximity: 59.6 +/- 4.3%; attention: 54.3 +/- 1.5%). Observers were then tested for conditioned place aversion (in the absence of demonstrators) at 48h, 72h and 96h after the second demonstration; observers tended to avoid the pen associated with conspecific pain during the second of the three tests, spending 34.8 +/- 9.6% of their time in this pen. No strong evidence of pain empathy was found, but our tentative results encourage further research on empathy in animals.