Effects of hyper- and hypoosmolality on whole body protein and glucose kinetics in humans
Effects of hyper- and hypoosmolality on whole body protein and glucose kinetics in humans
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DOI：
10.1152/ajpendo.1999.276.1.e188
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发表时间：
1999-01-01
影响因子：
5.1
通讯作者：
Keller, U
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Berneis, K;Ninnis, R;Keller, U
为了研究细胞外渗透压的急性变化对全身蛋白质和葡萄糖代谢的影响，我们对10名男性受试者进行了三种情况的研究：限制液体和静脉输注高渗NaCl[2-5%]引起高渗透压；（wt/vol）]；低渗是通过静脉给药去氨加压素、自由饮水和输注低渗盐水产生的（0.4%）；等渗研究包括受试者的随意饮水量。在低渗研究中，作为全身蛋白质分解参数的亮氨酸通量（[1-C-13]亮氨酸输注技术）下降（P < 0.02 vs.等渗）。在低渗透压研究中，亮氨酸氧化率降低（P < 0.005 vs.等渗透压）。在低渗研究中，高胰岛素-正糖夹持期间葡萄糖代谢清除率的增加低于等渗研究（P < 0.04）。在低渗研究中，血浆胰岛素降低，血浆非酯化脂肪酸、甘油和酮体浓度和脂质氧化增加。结论血浆渗透压的急性改变影响全身蛋白质、葡萄糖和脂质代谢；低渗透压导致与脂肪分解和脂质氧化增加以及胰岛素敏感性受损相关的蛋白质节约。
To investigate the effect of acute changes of extracellular osmolality on whole body protein and glucose metabolism, we studied 10 male subjects during three conditions: hyperosmolality was induced by fluid restriction and intravenous infusion of hypertonic NaCl[2-5%; (wt/vol)] during 17 h; hypoosmolality was produced by intravenous administration of desmopressin, liberal water drinking, and infusion of hypotonic saline (0.4%); and the isoosmolality study consisted of ad libitum oral water intake by the subjects. Leucine flux ([1-C-13]leucine infusion technique), a parameter of whole body protein breakdown, decreased during the hypoosmolality study (P < 0.02 vs. isoosmolality). The leucine oxidation rate decreased during the hypoosmolality study (P < 0.005 vs. isoosmolality). Metabolic clearance rate of glucose during hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamping increased less during the hypoosmolality study than during the isoosmolality study (P < 0.04). Plasma insulin decreased, and plasma nonesterified fatty acids, glycerol, and ketone body concentrations and lipid oxidation increased during the hypoosmolality study. It is concluded that acute alterations of plasma osmolality influence whole body protein, glucose, and lipid metabolism; hypoosmolality results in protein sparing associated with increased lipolysis and lipid oxidation and impaired insulin sensitivity.