Involvement of ribosomal proteins in regulating cell growth and apoptosis: Translational modulation or recruitment for extraribosomal activity?
Involvement of ribosomal proteins in regulating cell growth and apoptosis: Translational modulation or recruitment for extraribosomal activity?
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1440-1711.1999.00816.x
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发表时间：
1999-06-01
影响因子：
4
通讯作者：
Naora, H
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Naora, H;Naora, H
基因募集是一种分子进化机制，基因产物可以在多种不同的能力下发挥作用。晶体蛋白很好地说明了“一个基因-双重功能”的现象。晶体蛋白是一种结构蛋白，在眼睛晶状体中既扮演着特殊的角色，也扮演着“看家”酶的角色。核糖体蛋白是参与蛋白质合成的基本细胞机制的组成部分，它们的作用被共同认为是重要的，但个别来说有些平凡。然而，各种单独的核糖体蛋白以及翻译起始和延伸因子被发现在调节细胞的生长、转化和死亡方面发挥作用，这使得人们越来越多地猜测翻译装置的组成部分可以作为多功能蛋白质。最近，我们发现核糖体蛋白S3a(RPS3a)在细胞转化和死亡中起着重要作用，因此，结构性或暂时性增强的RPS3a表达可被视为启动细胞的凋亡，并抑制这种增强的表达，如“执行”。虽然尚不清楚RPS3a在机制上是否具有与翻译不同的能力，但本文结合最近的研究结果讨论了这种可能性，这些发现表明，其他单个核糖体蛋白参与调节和/或影响细胞反应和生长模式的变化，而不依赖于它们在翻译中的常规作用。
Gene recruitment is a mechanism of molecular evolution whereby a gene product can function in more than one distinct capacity. The 'one gene-dual function' phenomenon is well illustrated by crystallins, structural proteins that play both specialized roles in the eye lens and also 'housekeeping' enzyme roles. Ribosomal proteins are integral components of the basal cellular machinery involved in protein synthesis, whose roles have been regarded collectively as important, but individually somewhat mundane. However, various individual ribosomal proteins and also translation initiation and elongation factors have been found to play roles in regulating cell growth, transformation and death, giving rise to increasing speculation that components of the translational apparatus can act as multifunctional proteins. Recently, we have shown that ribosomal protein S3a (RPS3a) plays important roles in cell transformation and death, whereby constitutively or transiently enhanced RPS3a expression can be regarded as 'priming' a cell for apoptosis and suppression of such enhanced expression as 'execution'. While it is unclear whether RPS3a acts in a capacity mechanistically distinct from that in translation, such a possibility is discussed in this article in the light of recent, although not exhaustively reviewed, findings implicating the involvement of other individual ribosomal proteins in modulating and/or effecting changes in cellular responses and growth patterns in an extraribosomal capacity independent of their conventional role in translation.