Intensification of fire regimes and forest loss in the Território Indígena do Xingu
Intensification of fire regimes and forest loss in the Território Indígena do Xingu
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辛古地区的火灾加剧和森林损失
DOI：
10.1088/1748-9326/ac5713
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
6.7
通讯作者：
Macedo, Marcia N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Silvério, Divino V;Oliveira, Robson Santana;Flores, Bernardo Monteiro;Brando, Paulo M;Almada, Hellen Kezia;Furtado, Marco Túlio;Moreira, Fabio Garcia;Heckenberger, Michael;Ono, Katia Yukari;Macedo, Marcia N
亚马逊河南部森林的当代火灾状况主要是干旱与森林砍伐和刀耕火种相关的火源之间的相互作用。直到最近，野火主要集中在私人财产上，保护区作为沿着亚马逊农业边境的大规模防火带发挥作用。然而，随着气候变化，受保护的森林变得越来越易燃。在这里，我们量化了Território Indígena do Xingu（TIX）的森林退化，这是一个280万公顷的标志性区域，来自16个不同民族的6000多人居住在100个村庄。我们的主要假设是，森林退化，这里定义为较低的冠层覆盖的地区，在TIX内正在增加，由于无处不在的火源，更频繁的极端干旱事件，以及不断变化的刀耕火种的农业实践。在2001年至2020年期间，近189 000公顷（17%）的TIX因经常性干旱和火灾事件而退化，这些事件是导致森林退化的主要因素，特别是在季节性洪水泛滥的森林中。三次火灾后，森林损失的可能性较高，在季节性洪水泛滥的地区（63%）相比，高地地区（41%）。在相同的火灾频率下，没有遭受极端干旱的地区比经历过三次干旱的地区森林损失的可能性低24%。与村庄的距离和人口密度也对森林覆盖面的损失有显著影响，在靠近最大村庄的地区，森林覆盖面的损失通常更大。在亚马逊最具文化多样性的原住民土地之一，在森林砍伐的高度威胁下，我们的研究结果表明，气候变化可能已经超过了系统适应的条件。
The contemporary fire regime of southern Amazonian forests has been dominated by interactions between droughts and sources of fire ignition associated with deforestation and slash-and-burn agriculture. Until recently, wildfires have been concentrated mostly on private properties, with protected areas functioning as large-scale firebreaks along the Amazon’s agricultural frontier. However, as the climate changes, protected forests have become increasingly flammable. Here, we have quantified forest degradation in the Território Indígena do Xingu (TIX), an iconic area of 2.8 million hectares where over 6000 people from 16 different ethnic Indigenous groups live across 100 villages. Our main hypothesis was that forest degradation, defined here as areas with lower canopy cover, inside the TIX is increasing due to pervasive sources of fire ignition, more frequent extreme drought events, and changing slash-and-burn agricultural practices. Between 2001 and 2020, nearly 189 000 hectares (∼7%) of the TIX became degraded by recurrent drought and fire events that were the main factors driving forest degradation, particularly in seasonally flooded forests. After three fire events, the probability of forest loss was higher in seasonally flooded areas (63%) compared to upland areas (41%). Given the same fire frequency, areas that have not suffered with extreme droughts showed a 24% lower probability of forest loss compared to areas that experienced three drought events. Distance from villages and human density also had a marked effect on forest cover loss, which was generally higher in areas close to the largest villages. In one of the most culturally diverse Indigenous lands of the Amazon, in a landscape highly threatened by deforestation, our findings demonstrate that climate change may have already exceeded the conditions to which the system has adapted.
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影响因子：
2
作者：
Hess, Laura L.;Melack, John M.;Novo, Evlyn M. L. M.
通讯作者：
Novo, Evlyn M. L. M.
影响因子：
16.6
作者：
Aragão LEOC;Anderson LO;Fonseca MG;Rosan TM;Vedovato LB;Wagner FH;Silva CVJ;Silva Junior CHL;Arai E;Aguiar AP;Barlow J;Berenguer E;Deeter MN;Domingues LG;Gatti L;Gloor M;Malhi Y;Marengo JA;Miller JB;Phillips OL;Saatchi S
通讯作者：
Saatchi S
森林建模
影响因子：
9.3
作者：
Kelly Stumer;B. Golden;S. Lenhart
通讯作者：
S. Lenhart
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Aragao, Luiz Eduardo O. C.;Malhi, Yadvinder;Shimabukuro, Yosio Edemir
通讯作者：
Shimabukuro, Yosio Edemir
超越森林砍伐：巴西亚马逊地区土地掠夺和森林退化造成的碳排放
影响因子：
3.2
作者：
Kruid, Sanne;Macedo, Marcia N.;Gorelik, Seth R.;Walker, Wayne;Moutinho, Paulo;Brando, Paulo M.;Castanho, Andrea;Alencar, Ane;Baccini, Alessandro;Coe, Michael T.
通讯作者：
Coe, Michael T.