Contribution of neutral processes to the assembly of gut microbial communities in the zebrafish over host development
Contribution of neutral processes to the assembly of gut microbial communities in the zebrafish over host development
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DOI：
10.1038/ismej.2015.142
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发表时间：
2016-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
11
通讯作者：
Bohannan, Brendan J. M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Burns, Adam R.;Stephens, W. Zac;Bohannan, Brendan J. M.
尽管它们对宿主的健康和发育很重要，但与人类和其他动物相关的微生物群落的特征是个体宿主之间存在很大程度的无法解释的变异。驱动这种个体间差异的过程还没有得到很好的理解。为了解决这个问题，我们调查了与斑马鱼，Danio rerio，随着发育时间的肠道相关的微生物群落。我们比较了我们的观察到的社区组成和分布在主机与预测的一个中立的组装模型，它假设社区组装是完全由机会和分散。我们发现，随着宿主从幼虫发展到成虫，模型与所观察到的微生物分布的拟合度降低，这表明随着宿主成熟，非中性过程（如微生物-微生物相互作用、主动扩散或宿主选择）的相对重要性增加。我们还观察到，类群离开他们的分布从中立的预测形式生态不同的亚组，这是相对于完整的metacrobacterity遗传聚类。这些结果表明，中性过程足以在各个宿主的微生物群组成中产生实质性变化，并表明可能独特或重要的分类群可以通过它们与中性分布的差异来识别。
Despite their importance to host health and development, the communities of microorganisms associated with humans and other animals are characterized by a large degree of unexplained variation across individual hosts. The processes that drive such inter-individual variation are not well understood. To address this, we surveyed the microbial communities associated with the intestine of the zebrafish, Danio rerio, over developmental time. We compared our observations of community composition and distribution across hosts with that predicted by a neutral assembly model, which assumes that community assembly is driven solely by chance and dispersal. We found that as hosts develop from larvae to adults, the fit of the model to observed microbial distributions decreases, suggesting that the relative importance of non-neutral processes, such as microbe-microbe interactions, active dispersal, or selection by the host, increases as hosts mature. We also observed that taxa which depart in their distributions from the neutral prediction form ecologically distinct subgroups, which are phylogenetically clustered with respect to the full metacommunity. These results demonstrate that neutral processes are sufficient to generate substantial variation in microbiota composition across individual hosts, and suggest that potentially unique or important taxa may be identified by their divergence from neutral distributions.