Experimental infection of domestic dogs and cats with SARS-CoV-2: Pathogenesis, transmission, and response to reexposure in cats
Experimental infection of domestic dogs and cats with SARS-CoV-2: Pathogenesis, transmission, and response to reexposure in cats
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DOI：
10.1073/pnas.2013102117
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发表时间：
2020-10-20
影响因子：
11.1
通讯作者：
Bowen, Richard A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bosco-Lauth, Angela M.;Hartwig, Airn E.;Bowen, Richard A.
由严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2型（SARS-CoV-2）引起的大流行病几乎已经传播到世界上每一个国家，人与人之间的传播非常严重。该病毒最有可能的原始来源是2019年冬季在中国武汉省的一个动物宿主的溢出，随后适应了人类。由于其与SARS-CoV-1的遗传相似性，这种新型病毒可能具有相似的宿主范围和受体特异性。出于对人-宠物传播的担忧，我们研究了家猫和家犬对感染的易感性以及受感染猫传播给未感染猫的可能性。我们报告说，猫对感染高度敏感，口腔和鼻腔病毒脱落时间较长，不伴有临床症状，并且能够直接接触传播给其他猫。这些研究证实，猫容易感染SARS-CoV-2，但不太可能发展为临床疾病。此外，我们记录了猫在第二次病毒攻击后产生了强大的中和抗体反应，防止了再感染。相反，我们发现狗在感染后不会散发病毒，但会血清转化并产生抗病毒中和抗体反应。目前没有证据表明猫或狗在人类感染中起重要作用;然而，如果受感染的主人在急性感染期间将其家养宠物暴露于病毒，则可能发生逆转人畜共患病。对再感染的抵抗力使疫苗策略有望保护猫，进而保护人类。
The pandemic caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has reached nearly every country in the world with extraordinary person-to-person transmission. The most likely original source of the virus was spillover from an animal reservoir and subsequent adaptation to humans sometime during the winter of 2019 in Wuhan Province, China. Because of its genetic similarity to SARS-CoV-1, it is probable that this novel virus has a similar host range and receptor specificity. Due to concern for human-pet transmission, we investigated the susceptibility of domestic cats and dogs to infection and potential for infected cats to transmit to naive cats. We report that cats are highly susceptible to infection, with a prolonged period of oral and nasal viral shedding that is not accompanied by clinical signs, and are capable of direct contact transmission to other cats. These studies confirm that cats are susceptible to productive SARS-CoV-2 infection, but are unlikely to develop clinical disease. Further, we document that cats developed a robust neutralizing antibody response that prevented reinfection following a second viral challenge. Conversely, we found that dogs do not shed virus following infection but do seroconvert and mount an antiviral neutralizing antibody response. There is currently no evidence that cats or dogs play a significant role in human infection; however, reverse zoonosis is possible if infected owners expose their domestic pets to the virus during acute infection. Resistance to reinfection holds promise that a vaccine strategy may protect cats and, by extension, humans.