Microhabitat variation and sexual selection can maintain male color polymorphisms
Microhabitat variation and sexual selection can maintain male color polymorphisms
复制标题
DOI：
10.1111/j.1558-5646.2007.00213.x
复制
发表时间：
2007-11-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Servedio, Maria R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Chunco, Amanda J.;McKinnon, Jeffrey S.;Servedio, Maria R.
雄性体色多态性可能是同域物种通过性选择形成的重要前体，但维持这种多态性的过程还不清楚。在这里，我们开发了一个正式的模型的假设，男性的颜色多态性可能会保持变化的感官环境，导致微生境特异性的选择压力。我们分析了两个男性的颜色变体的演变时，颜色感知（女性和捕食者）是依赖于自然和性选择发生的微生境。我们发现，异质微生境的环境可以导致维护的颜色多态性，尽管在自然和性选择的优势和微生境的比例不对称。我们发现，性选择本身是足够的多态性维护在很宽的参数空间范围内，即使女性的喜好是弱的。多态性也可以通过自然选择单独作用来维持，但自然选择维持多态性的条件对于微生境变异的情况通常是不现实的。因此，微生境的变化和性选择显眼的男性可能提供了一个特别有利于维护男性的颜色多态性的情况。这些结果是重要的，因为他们提供了一个小赞赏的机制，在自然种群的变化，因为这种变化是一个重要的先决条件同域物种形成的一般见解。
Male color polymorphism may be an important precursor to sympatric speciation by sexual selection, but the processes maintaining such polymorphisms are not well understood. Here, we develop a formal model of the hypothesis that male color polymorphisms may be maintained by variation in the sensory environment resulting in microhabitat- specific selection pressures. We analyze the evolution of two male color morphs when color perception (by females and predators) is dependent on the microhabitat in which natural and sexual selection occur. We find that an environment of heterogeneous microhabitats can lead to the maintenance of color polymorphism despite asymmetries in the strengths of natural and sexual selection and in microhabitat proportions. We show that sexual selection alone is sufficient for polymorphism maintenance over a wide range of parameter space, even when female preferences are weak. Polymorphisms can also be maintained by natural selection acting alone, but the conditions for polymorphism maintenance by natural selection will usually be unrealistic for the case of microhabitat variation. Microhabitat variation and sexual selection for conspicuous males may thus provide a situation particularly favorable to the maintenance of male color polymorphisms. These results are important both because of the general insight they provide into a little appreciated mechanism for the maintenance of variation in natural populations and because such variation is an important prerequisite for sympatric speciation.