Towards assessing fine-scale indicators for the spatial transmission risk of Fasciola hepatica in cattle
Towards assessing fine-scale indicators for the spatial transmission risk of Fasciola hepatica in cattle
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DOI：
10.4081/gh.2011.176
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发表时间：
2011-05-01
影响因子：
1.7
通讯作者：
Vercruysse, Jozef
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Charlier, Johannes;Bennema, Sita Carolien;Vercruysse, Jozef
为了提高目前牛片形吸虫病风险图的空间分辨率，需要更多的知识，以确定感染风险的农场一级的因素。在这项研究中，我们访问了比利时预定义的肝片吸虫病低风险和高风险地区内的39个奶牛场，并通过间接批量牛奶酶联免疫吸附试验（ELISA）评估了它们的感染状况。管理因素进行了收集，并访问了农场的所有牧场，以确定和地理参考潜在的蜗牛栖息地。对栖息地进行了目视表征，调查了肝片吸虫中间宿主蜗牛（即Galba truncatula和Radix spp.）并用于地理信息系统（GIS），以构建包括土壤和水文信息的覆盖图。线性回归模型被用来评估散装罐牛奶ELISA结果和农场水平的管理和栖息地因素之间的关联。一个逻辑，混合模型被用来确定潜在的栖息地的中间宿主蜗牛的存在可能的风险因素。在39个农场中，有35个发现了潜在的蜗牛栖息地。共确定了87个潜在的栖息地和29%的这些，中间宿主蜗牛被发现。潜在的栖息地的数量，存在的蜗牛，排水的牧场，月的牛，放养率，类型的水域和风险面积显着相关的散装罐牛奶ELISA结果和解释85%的观察到的变化。中间宿主蜗牛更有可能是本与潜在的栖息地和壤土表面增加。本研究证实了农场管理因素在F.并强调了管理因素与蜗牛栖息地特征相结合是预测牛感染F.在个体农场水平上的肝。需要进一步研究，以调查如何将这些知识纳入全国范围的寄生虫空间分布模型。
In order to improve the spatial resolution of current risk maps for fasciolosis in cattle, more knowledge is needed with respect to farm-level factors that determine infection risk. In this study, we visited 39 dairy farms within a predefined low-and high-risk area for fasciolosis in Belgium and assessed their infection status by an indirect bulk tank milk enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Management factors were collected and all pastured lands of the farms were visited to identify and georeference potential snail habitats. The habitats were visually characterised, investigated for the presence of the intermediate host snails of Fasciola hepatica (i.e. Galba truncatula and Radix spp.) and used in a geographical information system (GIS) to construct overlays including information on soil and hydrology. A linear regression model was used to evaluate associations between bulk tank milk ELISA results and farm level management and habitat factors. A logistic, mixed model was used to identify possible risk factors for the presence of intermediate host snails on a potential habitat. Potential snail habitats were found in 35 out of 39 farms. A total of 87 potential habitats were identified and on 29% of these, intermediate host snails were found. The number of potential habitats, the presence of snails, drainage of pastures, month of turnout of the cows, stocking rate, type of watering place and risk area were significantly associated with the bulk tank milk ELISA result and explained 85% of the observed variation. Intermediate host snails were more likely to be present with increasing surface of the potential habitat and on loamy soils. This study confirms the importance of farm management factors in the infection risk for F. hepatica in cattle and highlights that the combination of management factors with characterization of snail habitats is a powerful means to predict the infection risk with F. hepatica at the individual farm level. Further research is needed to investigate how this knowledge can be incorporated in nation-wide spatial distribution models of the parasite.