Biodiversity and its assessment in boreal and nemoral forests
Biodiversity and its assessment in boreal and nemoral forests
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DOI：
10.1080/028275801300090546
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发表时间：
2001-01-01
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Niklasson, M
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nilsson, SG;Hedin, J;Niklasson, M
我们回顾了主要生物群的物种丰富度，主要使用了北欧的例子。这些物种中有很大一部分生活在森林中，大量物种依赖腐烂的木材生存。生物多样性可以使用两种不同的原则在不同的尺度上进行评估。其一是使用功能。例如古树和枯树，已知对大量物种来说是重要的。另一种方法是选择已知的物种或物种组，以表明高度生物多样性或存在许多列入红色名单的物种。我们认为，任何严肃的生物多样性评估方法都应该包括物种最丰富的生物群，例如昆虫。在本文中，我们指出了高生物多样性的最重要的特征(老树和大枯树)，并回顾了这些特征在近原始森林中的数量。一个区域的自然干扰机制应该是确定生物多样性评估的适当尺度和适当特征的基础。提出了北欧高生物多样性的可能指示物种。基于之前的调查。在附生地衣和木生甲虫中，除了线虫森林中的维管束植物外，还有许多潜在的有用物种。在脊椎动物中，啄木鸟和松鸡似乎是最有用的。对指标结构和物种的验证测试在很大程度上是缺乏的，但迫切需要。在管理可持续林业时，必须牢记可能延迟的局部灭绝的影响。森林历史知识在制定具有成本效益的措施时是有用的。
We review species richness in major organism groups, mainly using examples from northern Europe. A high proportion of these species is forest living, and large numbers are dependent on decaying wood. Biodiversity can be assessed at various scales using two different principles. One is to use features. such as ancient and dead trees, known to be important for a large number of species. The other method is to choose species or groups of species known to indicate high biodiversity or presence of many red-listed species. We argue that any serious biodiversity assessment method should include the most species rich organism groups, for example insects. In the present paper we point out the most important features for high biodiversity (old trees and large dead trees), and review the quantities of these features in near-virgin forests. The natural disturbance regime of a region should be the basis for defining a suitable scale and the appropriate features for biodiversity assessment. Possible indicator species for high biodiversity in northern Europe are suggested. based on previous investigations. Among epiphytic lichens and wood-living beetles there are many potentially useful species in addition to vascular plants in the nemoral forest. Among vertebrates, woodpeckers and grouses seem to be the most useful. Validation tests for indicator structures and species are largely lacking but urgently needed. The implications of possible delayed local extinctions tire important to bear in mind when managing for sustainable forestry. The knowledge of forest history is useful when developing cost-efficient measures.