Physical and Cognitive Functions, Physical Activity, and Sedentary Behavior in Older Adults With Multiple Sclerosis
Physical and Cognitive Functions, Physical Activity, and Sedentary Behavior in Older Adults With Multiple Sclerosis
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DOI：
10.1519/jpt.0000000000000163
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发表时间：
2019-10-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Motl, Robert W.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bollaert, Rachel E.;Motl, Robert W.
背景和目的：患有多发性硬化症（MS）的老年人会经历与年龄相关的身体和认知功能下降，这种下降可能因疾病及其进展而加剧，并因缺乏身体活动和久坐行为而恶化。然而，身体和认知功能损伤在多大程度上是多发性硬化症和疾病进展的表现，反映了一般的衰老过程，或者可能是两个有害过程加剧了另一个过程的协同效应，目前还相对未知。这项研究比较了 40 名患有多发性硬化症的老年人（即 60 岁及以上）和 40 名年龄和性别匹配的健康老年人的身体和认知功能、久坐行为和体力活动。我们进一步研究了身体活动和/或久坐行为是否解释了各组之间身体和认知功能的差异。方法：参与者首先接受认知评估，然后进行身体功能评估。测试的顺序是标准化的，并且参与者在两次身体功能评估之间可以坐着休息。然后，参与者被要求在测试结束后 7 天的时间内佩戴加速计，并在日志中记录佩戴时间。 结果：多变量方差分析表明，与健康对照组 (n = 40) 相比，患有多发性硬化症的老年人 (n = 40) 在所有身体功能测量和一项认知功能测量（即信息处理速度）方面表现较差。与健康对照组相比，患有多发性硬化症的老年人的中度至剧烈体力活动较少，久坐行为较多，且久坐时间较长。皮尔逊相关性表明，在患有多发性硬化症的老年人和健康对照者中，体力活动的水平和模式与大多数身体功能变量显着相关，但与认知功能变量无关，但在患有多发性硬化症的老年人中，体力活动的水平和模式与认知功能变量无关。部分皮尔逊相关进一步表明，久坐行为的水平和模式与大多数身体功能变量显着相关，但与主要患有多发性硬化症的老年人的认知功能变量无关。线性回归分析表明，身体活动和久坐行为的水平和模式部分解释了患有多发性硬化症的老年人与健康对照者之间身体和认知功能变量的差异。结论：有证据表明患有多发性硬化症的老年人的功能下降，这可能部分地通过针对身体活动和久坐行为的行为干预来控制，以促进患有多发性硬化症的老年人的健康老龄化。
Background and Purpose: Older adults with multiple sclerosis (MS) experience age-related declines in physical and cognitive functions that may be compounded by the disease and its progression and worsened by physical inactivity and sedentary behavior. However, the extent to which impairments in physical and cognitive functions are manifestations of MS and disease progression, reflective of the general aging process, or perhaps 2 detrimental processes exacerbating the synergistic effects of the other is relatively unknown. This study compared physical and cognitive functions, sedentary behavior, and physical activity between 40 older adults with MS (ie, 60 years of age and older) and 40 age- and sex-matched healthy older adults. We further examined whether physical activity and/or sedentary behavior explained differences between groups in physical and cognitive functions.Methods: Participants initially underwent the cognitive assessments, followed by the physical function assessments. The order of tests was standardized and participants were provided seated-rest between the administrations of the physical function assessments. Participants were then instructed to wear an accelerometer and document wear time in a log book for a 7-day period after the testing session.Results: Multivariate analyses of variance indicated that older adults with MS (n = 40) performed worse on all measures of physical function, and 1 measure of cognitive function (ie, information-processing speed), compared with healthy controls (n = 40). Older adults with MS engaged in less moderate-to-vigorous physical activity, more sedentary behavior, and longer duration of long sedentary bouts than healthy controls. Pearson correlations demonstrated that levels and patterns of physical activity were significantly associated with a majority of physical function variables but not cognitive function variables in both older adults with MS and healthy controls but to a greater extent in older adults with MS. Partial Pearson correlations further demonstrated that levels and patterns of sedentary behavior were significantly associated with a majority of physical function variables but not cognitive function variables primarily in older adults with MS. Linear regression analyses indicated that levels and patterns of physical activity and sedentary behavior partially accounted for differences in physical and cognitive function variables between older adults with MS and healthy controls.Conclusion: There is evidence of reduced function in older adults with MS, and this might be partially managed by behavioral interventions that target physical activity and sedentary behavior for the promotion of healthy aging in older adults with MS.