Integrating a mini catchment with mulching for soil water management in a sloping jujube orchard on the semiarid Loess Plateau of China
Integrating a mini catchment with mulching for soil water management in a sloping jujube orchard on the semiarid Loess Plateau of China
复制标题
中国半干旱黄土高原坡枣园的小型流域与覆盖相结合的土壤水分管理
DOI：
10.5194/se-7-167-2016
复制
发表时间：
2016-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
3.4
通讯作者：
Sun, W. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Li, H. C.;Gao, X. D.;Sun, W. H.
保持更多的土壤水分对干旱半干旱果园的可持续性具有重要意义。采用2013年4月至2014年11月的土壤水分观测资料，研究了鱼鳞坑、半圆形集水区和覆盖物对黄土高原12年生旱地果园土壤蓄水的影响。试验设4个处理：分支覆盖、稻草覆盖、不覆盖和裸地处理。使用TRIME（R）- IPH时域反射仪（TDR）工具以20 cm的间隔测量土壤水分，直到180 cm的深度，并且在2013年和2014年生长季节每2周测量一次。结果表明，鱼鳞坑覆盖具有较好的保水效果。在0-180 cm土层，FB处理的平均土壤贮水量（SWS）比CK分别增加了14.23%（2013年）和21.81%（2014年），而F处理仅增加了4.82%（2013年）和5.34%（2014年）。土壤水分补偿度W-S用来表示雨季结束时相对于雨季开始时土壤水分从降水中补给的程度。正（负）W-S值表示雨季结束时土壤含水量比雨季开始时大（低）。对于FB处理，整个土壤剖面的W-S值均大于0;对于F处理，在60-100 cm深度处观察到W-S值为负值。而裸地处理在40-180 cm土层内均表现为负值。这表明，鱼鳞坑与覆盖相结合能显著增加土壤蓄水量，增加入渗量，减少蒸发量，与鱼鳞坑相比，鱼鳞坑具有更大的土壤蓄水量和土壤水分补偿程度。由于这里用于覆盖的树枝是修剪过的枣枝，因此大大降低了覆盖材料的成本。因此，鱼鳞坑与分支覆盖相结合是黄土高原果园水土保持的有效措施，在其他地区也有推广应用的潜力。
Conserving more soil water is of great importance to the sustainability of arid and semiarid orchards. Here we integrated fish-scale pits, semicircular mini-catchments for hill slope runoff collection, with mulches to test their effects on soil water storage in a 12-year-old dryland jujube orchard on the Loess Plateau of China, by using soil water measurements from April 2013 to November 2014. This experiment included four treatments: fish-scale pits with branch mulching (FB), fish-scale pits with straw mulching (FS), fish-scale pits without mulching (F), and bare land treatment (CK). Soil water was measured using the TRIME (R) - IPH time-domain reflectometer (TDR) tool in 20 cm intervals down to a depth of 180 cm, and was measured once every 2 weeks in the 2013 and 2014 growing seasons. The results showed that fish-scale pits with mulching were better in soil water conservation. Average soil water storage (SWS, for short) of FB at soil layer depths of 0-180 cm increased by 14.23% (2013) and 21.81% (2014), respectively, compared to CK, but only increased by 4.82% (2013) and 5.34% (2014), respectively, for the F treatment. The degree of soil water compensation, W-S, was employed here to represent to what extent soil water was recharged from precipitation at the end of the rainy season relative to that at the beginning of the rainy season. A positive (negative) W-S larger (lower) soil water content at the end of rainy season than at the beginning. For the treatment of FB, the values of W-S over the entire soil profile were greater than 0; for the treatment of F, negative values of W-S were observed in depths of 60-100 cm in both years. However, the bare land treatment showed negative values in depths of 40-180 cm. This indicated that integrating fish-scale pits with mulching could significantly increase soil water storage by increasing infiltration and decreasing evaporation, and it showed greater soil water storage and degree of soil water compensation compared to fish-scale pits alone. Since the branches used for mulching here were trimmed jujube branches, the cost of mulching materials was largely reduced. Therefore, integration of fish-scale pits with branch mulching is recommended in orchards for soil water conservation on the Loess Plateau and potentially for other regions.