Fluctuation relations and rare realizations of transport observables.

Fluctuation relations and rare realizations of transport observables.
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输运可观测量的波动关系和罕见实现。

DOI:
10.1103/physrevlett.105.170601
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发表时间:
2010
影响因子:
8.6
通讯作者:
B. Narozhny
B. Narozhny
中科院分区:
物理与天体物理1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
A. Altland;A. De Martino;R. Egger;B. Narozhny

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涨落关系为可观测数据的非平衡平均值建立了严格的恒等式。从一个具有随时间变化的速率的一般输运主方程出发,我们使用随机路径积分方法来研究这些平均值周围的统计涨落。我们展示了在非平衡条件下,运输观测的罕见实现是如何至关重要的,并暗示了可能完全掩盖这种身份的巨大波动。提供了对这些波动的定量估计。我们用一个介观RC电路的范例来说明我们的结果。
Fluctuation relations establish rigorous identities for the nonequilibrium averages of observables. Starting from a general transport master equation with time-dependent rates, we employ the stochastic path integral approach to study statistical fluctuations around such averages. We show how under nonequilibrium conditions, rare realizations of transport observables are crucial and imply massive fluctuations that may completely mask such identities. Quantitative estimates for these fluctuations are provided. We illustrate our results on the paradigmatic example of a mesoscopic RC circuit.
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.0907953107
发表时间: 2010-03-02
影响因子: 11.1
作者:
Mustonen, Ville;Laessig, Michael
通讯作者: Laessig, Michael