RESPONSES OF THE NON-MYCOTROPHIC PLANT SALSOLA-KALI TO INVASION BY VESICULAR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI
RESPONSES OF THE NON-MYCOTROPHIC PLANT SALSOLA-KALI TO INVASION BY VESICULAR ARBUSCULAR MYCORRHIZAL FUNGI
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8137.1989.tb04216.x
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发表时间：
1989-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
FRIESE, CF
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ALLEN, MF;ALLEN, EB;FRIESE, CF
在田间和温室试验中，泡状丛枝菌根真菌降低了非真菌营养杂草Salsola kali(藜科)的生长和存活。为了确定菌根真菌影响非真菌营养植物的机制，我们绘制了S.kali和真菌营养草冰草Agropyron dasystachyum对Glomus spp.和巨孢子酒玛格丽塔。这些真菌在种子萌发后10天内侵入两种植物的根。Dasystachyum的菌根发育正常，没有观察到根部褐变或自发荧光，表明反应是亲和的。在S.Kali，真菌最初侵入根部，形成丛枝和盆栽。根对入侵的反应是发出亮黄色的自发荧光，表明木质化。根被真菌侵染后1~2天，被侵染的根段变成棕色，除了一些小泡外，真菌从根中消失。这种真菌有时会在更深的根部重新侵入新的根段。这些观察表明，在这种非真菌营养的一年生真菌和VA菌根真菌之间存在不相容的反应，从而植物主动拒绝感染。这一反应可能成为启动互惠共生与寄生共生遗传学研究的基础。
Vesicular-arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi reduced the growth and survival of the non-mycotrophic weed, Salsola kali (Chenopodiaceae) in field and greenhouse experiments. To determine the mechanisms by which mycorrhizal fungi can affect a non-mycotrophic plant, we mapped the root responses of S. kali and the mycotrophic grass Agropyron dasystachyum to invasion by a mixture of Glomus spp. and by Gigaspora margarita. The fungi invaded the roots of both species within 10 days following seed germination. In A. dasystachyum normal mycorrhizal development occurred and no root browning or autofluorescence was observed, indicating a compatible reaction. In S. kali, the fungi initially invaded the roots and formed arbuscules and peletons. The roots reacted to invasion by autofluorescing bright yellow, suggesting lignification. With 1 or 2 days following root penetration by the fungus, the invaded root segment turned brown and, with the exception of some vesicles, the fungus disappeared from the root. The fungus sometimes then reinvaded new root segments farther down the root. These observations suggest that there is an incompatible reaction between this non-mycotrophic annual and VA mycorrhizal fungi whereby the plant actively rejects infection. This response could form the basis for initiating studies on the genetics of mutualistic versus parasitic symbioses.