Mutational changes in S-cone opsin genes common to both nocturnal and cathemeral Aotus monkeys
Mutational changes in S-cone opsin genes common to both nocturnal and cathemeral Aotus monkeys
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DOI：
10.1002/ajp.20402
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发表时间：
2007-07-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Jacobs, Gerald H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Levenson, David H.;Fernandez-Duque, Eduardo;Jacobs, Gerald H.
Aotus是一种鸭嘴兽灵长类动物，传统上被认为是夜间活动的。早期的研究表明，这种动物缺乏颜色视觉能力，因为与所有其他白颈猴不同的是，奥图斯人的视蛋白基因存在缺陷，这是产生短波敏感(S)锥体感光色素所必需的。因此，Aotus只保留了一种类型的锥形感光颜料。自那以后，其他哺乳动物也表现出类似的损失，人们经常猜测，这种变化在某种程度上与夜生活有关。尽管大多数Aotus物种确实是夜间活动的，但最近的观察表明，Aotus azaral是一种原产于阿根廷和巴拉圭部分地区的猫头鹰猴子物种，它在白天和夜间表现出一种活跃的墓葬活动模式。我们已经测定了中国红豆杉和南美姬鼠的S视蛋白基因的部分序列，后者是典型的夜间活动物种。这两个物种的S视锥蛋白基因含有早先在三栖姬鼠身上发现的相同的致命缺陷。根据这三个物种的系统发育关系，这些结果表明，Aotus在其历史早期一定失去了颜色视觉能力，它们还表明，颜色视觉的缺乏并不强制与夜间生活方式有关。
Aotus is a platyrrhine primate that has been classically considered to be nocturnal. Earlier research revealed that this animal lacks a color vision capacity because, unlike all other platyrrhine monkeys, Aotus has a defect in the opsin gene that is required to produce short-wavelength sensitive (S) cone photopigment. Consequently, Aotus retains only a single type of cone photopigment. Other mammals have since been found to show similar losses and it has often been speculated that such change is in some fashion tied to nocturnality. Although most species of Aotus are indeed nocturnal, recent observations show that Aotus azaral, an owl monkey species native to portions of Argentina and Paraguay, displays a cathemeral activity pattern being active during daylight hours as frequently as during nighttime hours. We have sequenced portions of the S-cone opsin gene in A. azaral and Aotus nancymaae, the latter a typically nocturnal species. The S-cone opsin genes in both species contain the same fatal defects earlier detected for Aotus trivirgatus. On the basis of the phylogenetic relationships of these three species these results imply that Aotus must have lost a capacity for color vision early in its history and they also suggest that the absence of color vision is not compulsively linked to a nocturnal lifestyle.