Reconstructing Early Industrial Contributions to Legacy Trace Metal Contamination in Southwestern Pennsylvania
Reconstructing Early Industrial Contributions to Legacy Trace Metal Contamination in Southwestern Pennsylvania
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DOI：
10.1021/acs.est.6b03372
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发表时间：
2017-04-18
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Abbott, Mark B.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rossi, Robert J.;Bain, Daniel J.;Abbott, Mark B.
早期的工业微量金属负载的特点很差，但潜在的大量来源的微量金属的景观。宾夕法尼亚州西南部遗留污染的程度，北美化石燃料工业化的摇篮，是重建从微量金属浓度的沉积物核心与代理，包括主要和微量金属化学，体积密度和磁化率。沉积物记录中的微量金属化学反映了19和20世纪的土地利用和工业。特别是，世纪早期的砷负荷的湖泊是由早期欧洲定居者在湖边制革厂使用的农药升高。后来，沉积物钡浓度上升，可能反映了煤炭作业的酸性矿井排水的开始。20世纪的锌、镉和铅浓度主要来自附近臭名昭著的多诺拉锌厂，但它同时也记录了附近一座燃煤电厂的启用和《清洁空气法》的修订。早期工业的影响是巨大的，可与近代的金属通量相媲美，从而成为污染沉积物的重要潜在来源。因此，对痕量金属污染的现代评估不能忽视早期的工业投入，因为遗留污染的潜在再活化将影响生态系统和人类健康。
Early industrial trace metal loadings are poorly characterized but potentially substantial sources of trace metals to the landscape. The magnitude of legacy contamination in southwestern Pennsylvania, the cradle of North American fossil fuel industrialization, is reconstructed from trace metal concentrations in a sediment core With proxies including major and trace metal chemistry, bulk density, and magnetic susceptibility. Trace metal chemistry in this sediment record reflects 19th and 20th century land use and industry. In particular, early 19th century arsenic loadings to the lake are elevated from pesticides used by early European settlers at a lakeside tannery. Later, sediment barium concentrations rise, likely reflecting the onset of acidic mine drainage from coal operations. Twentieth century zinc, cadmium, and lead concentrations are dominated by emissions from the nearby, infamous Donora Zinc Works yet record both the opening of a nearby coal-fired power plant and amendments to the Clean Air Act. The impaet of early industry is substantial and rivals more recent metal fluxes, resulting in a significant potential source of contaminated sediments. Thus, modern assessments" of trace metal contamination cannot ignore early industrial inputs, as the potential remobilization of legacy contamination Would, impact ecosystem and human health.