Fool me twice: how effective is debriefing in false memory studies?
Fool me twice: how effective is debriefing in false memory studies?
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DOI：
10.1080/09658211.2020.1803917
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发表时间：
2020-08-08
期刊：
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Greene, Ciara M.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Murphy, Gillian;Loftus, Elizabeth;Greene, Ciara M.
在错误记忆研究中，欺骗往往是必要的，特别是当研究的目的是探索错误信息对记忆的影响。在研究的最后，参与者会被询问，但这能消除错误信息的影响吗？在目前的研究中，我们对630名参与者进行了为期6个月的随访，他们参与了一项研究，在这项研究中，他们接触到了捏造的政治新闻故事。我们将这些“持续参与者”对新的和以前看到的新闻故事的记忆与474名新招募的参与者的记忆进行了比较。相对于新招募的参与者，持续参与者不太可能报告他们以前接触过的故事的错误记忆，他们也不太可能报告新的假新闻故事的错误记忆。持续参与者更有可能报告以前看到的真实事件的记忆，而不是新的真实事件。两组参与者都表示很享受这种体验，并对自己理解哪些故事是编造的充满信心。重要的是，这项研究没有发现任何负面的长期影响，参与我们的错误记忆实验，甚至表现出一些积极的影响。
Deception is often necessary in false memory studies, especially when the study aims to explore the effect of misinformation on memory. At the end of the study, participants are debriefed, but does this eliminate the influence of misinformation? In the current study, we followed up 630 participants six months after they participated in a study in which they were exposed to fabricated political news stories. We compared the memories of these "continuing participants" for both novel and previously seen news stories to the memories of 474 newly recruited participants. Relative to new recruits, continuing participants were less likely to report a false memory for a story that they had been previously exposed to, and they were also less likely to report a false memory for a novel fake news story. Continuing participants were more likely to report a memory for previously seen true events than novel true events. Both groups of participants reported enjoying the experience and feeling confident that they understood which stories were fabricated. Importantly, this study did not find any negative long-term effects of participating in our false memory experiment, and even exhibited some positive effects.