Beyond the Machine
Beyond the Machine
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超越机器
DOI：
10.1177/0010414015574883
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Brian Palmer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Alisha C. Holland;Brian Palmer
组织成员资格是拉丁美洲购买选票的最强有力但却被忽视的预测因素之一。我们认为，这种关系是由这样一个事实驱动的，即政治家外包他们的一些选票购买的努力，以利益协会。在现有的文献中，专注于党的经纪人，谁是忠诚于一个单一的政治机器，我们介绍的概念，组织经纪人，谁代表利益协会和重新谈判的关系，政党之间的选举周期，和混合经纪人，谁分裂他们的忠诚之间的利益协会和一个单一的政党。我们说明了这些替代经纪人类型的运作，通过案例研究街头贩卖组织在一个非制度化的政党制度，哥伦比亚，和农民组织在一个制度化的政党制度，墨西哥。对经纪人及其所代表的组织的作用的关注对政治问责制、集体行动和庇护主义的持续存在具有影响。
Organizational membership is one of the strongest, yet overlooked, predictors of vote buying across Latin America. We argue that this relationship is driven by the fact that politicians outsource some of their vote-buying efforts to interest associations. In contrast to the existing literature that focuses on party brokers, who are loyal to a single political machine, we introduce the concepts of organizational brokers, who represent interest associations and renegotiate ties to political parties between election cycles, and hybrid brokers, who split their loyalties between an interest association and a single political party. We illustrate the operation of these alternative broker types through case studies of street-vending organizations in an uninstitutionalized party system, Colombia, and peasant organizations in an institutionalized party system, Mexico. Attention to the role of brokers and the organizations that they represent has implications for political accountability, collective action, and the persistence of clientelism.