Distinct Variants of Extreme Psychopathic Individuals in Society at Large: Evidence From a Population-Based Sample
Distinct Variants of Extreme Psychopathic Individuals in Society at Large: Evidence From a Population-Based Sample
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DOI：
10.1037/per0000060
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发表时间：
2014-04-01
影响因子：
2.8
通讯作者：
Kendler, Kenneth S.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Drislane, Laura E.;Patrick, Christopher J.;Kendler, Kenneth S.
这项研究使用基于模型的聚类分析，从一个更大的被评估为在芬兰军队服役的样本(N=4043)中确定总体精神变态得分高的男性亚型(即，在三重精神病量表中=第95个百分位数；n=193)。集群变量由精神变态的不同方面的分数和消极情感的测量组成。最佳拟合模型指定2个组，分别代表“初级”(n=110)和“继发性”精神病(n=83)组。与低度精神病对照组(n=1878)相比，两个精神病亚组的外化症状和犯罪行为水平均显著升高。继发性精神病参与者也报告了高水平的内化问题，包括焦虑、抑郁和躯体化，并且与初级组相比，在精神病症的去抑制方面得分更高。相比之下，与继发性精神病或对照组相比，初级精神病患者报告的内化问题更少，在精神变态的大胆方面得分更高。初级精神病患者的暴力犯罪率也高于二级精神病患者。讨论了在非法医人群中概念化和研究精神变态的意义。
This study used model-based cluster analysis to identify subtypes of men who scored high in overall psychopathy (i.e., >= 95th percentile on the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure; n = 193) from a larger sample evaluated for service in the Finnish military (N = 4043). Cluster variates consisted of scores on distinct facets of psychopathy together with a measure of negative affectivity. The best-fitting model specified 2 clusters, representing "primary" (n = 110) and "secondary" psychopathy (n = 83) groups. Compared to a low-psychopathy comparison group (n = 1878), both psychopathy subgroups showed markedly elevated levels of externalizing symptoms and criminal behavior. Secondary psychopathic participants also reported high levels of internalizing problems including anxiousness, depression, and somatization, and scored higher on the disinhibition facet of psychopathy relative to the primary group. By contrast, primary psychopathic individuals reported fewer internalizing problems than either the secondary psychopathy or comparison groups and scored higher on the boldness facet of psychopathy. Primary psychopathic participants also had higher rates of violent crimes than the secondary psychopaths. Implications for conceptualizing and studying psychopathy in nonforensic populations are discussed.