Creativity needs some serendipity: Reflections on a career in ingestive behavior.
Creativity needs some serendipity: Reflections on a career in ingestive behavior.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.physbeh.2016.02.009
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发表时间：
2016-08-01
影响因子：
2.9
通讯作者：
Rolls BJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Rolls BJ
我描述了我50年的摄食行为的职业生涯，希望能激励年轻的科学家加入到发现动物，特别是人类动物，为什么吃和喝的兴奋中。我对摄食行为的兴趣始于宾夕法尼亚大学一年级生物课上的一个偶然机会，当时艾伦·爱泼斯坦（Alan Epstein）正在教这门课。一旦我接触到做研究的刺激，我就放弃了上医学院的计划，我去了英国的剑桥大学，在那里我和詹姆斯·菲茨西蒙斯一起完成了博士学位。在生理学上对老鼠口渴的研究。在我进入牛津大学后，早期的生物学机制训练为人类研究提供了良好的基础。我们描述了与口渴相关的感觉及其引发和终止的机制。我们还继续在一系列饮食性肥胖的研究中使用动物模型。饮食多样性对大鼠摄入量的影响导致了对人类感觉特异性饱腹感的研究。近年来，我的实验室的主要兴趣一直是食物特性如何影响摄入量，饱腹感和体重。在约翰霍普金斯医学院和现在的宾夕法尼亚州立大学，我们对成人和儿童的大量营养素、品种、份量和能量密度的影响进行了系统的研究。目前，我们的研究旨在了解如何利用品种，份量和能量密度的强大影响来鼓励健康饮食。在我的整个职业生涯中，我很幸运能在一个充满创造力、洞察力和勤奋的同事的支持环境中工作。
I describe my 50 year career in ingestive behavior in the hope of inspiring young scientists to join in the excitement of discovering why animals, especially the human animal, eat and drink. My interest in ingestive behavior started by chance in a freshman biology class at the University of Pennsylvania taught by Alan Epstein. Once I was exposed to the thrill of doing research my plans for medical school were abandoned and I traveled to the University of Cambridge in England where with James Fitzsimons I completed a Ph.D. in physiology on studies of thirst in rats. After I moved on to the University of Oxford, the early training in biologic mechanisms provided a good basis for studies in humans. We characterized the sensations associated with thirst and the mechanisms involved in its initiation and termination. We also continued to work with animal models in a series of studies of dietary obesity. The effect of dietary variety on rat's intake led to studies of sensory-specific satiety in humans. In recent years the primary interest of my lab has been how food properties affect intake, satiety, and body weight. At the Johns Hopkins School of Medicine and now at The Pennsylvania State University, we have conducted systematic studies of the effects of the macronutrients, variety, portion size, and energy density in both adults and children. Currently our research aims to understand how to leverage the robust effects of variety, portion size, and energy density to encourage healthy eating and drinking. Throughout my career I have been lucky to have been in supportive environments surrounded by creative, insightful, and diligent colleagues.