The Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor in Brain Functions: An Update.
The Angiotensin II Type 2 Receptor in Brain Functions: An Update.
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DOI：
10.1155/2012/351758
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
1.9
通讯作者：
Gallo-Payet N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Guimond MO;Gallo-Payet N
血管紧张素II（AngII）是肾素-血管紧张素系统（RAS）的主要活性产物，通过两种主要受体介导其作用，即AngII 1型（AT 1）受体和2型（AT 2）受体。最近的研究结果也牵连其他几个成员的肾素-血管紧张素系统在大脑功能的各个方面。本文的第一个目的是总结关于AT 2受体的性质和信号传导，其在脑中的表达及其良好的作用的当前知识状态。其次，我们将强调AT 2受体在认知功能，神经系统疾病和食欲调节中的潜在作用，以及与代谢紊乱发展的可能联系。新型非肽选择性AT 2受体配体的潜在效用，在澄清这种受体在生理学中的潜在作用也将进行讨论。如果得到证实，这些新的药理学工具应该有助于改善受损的认知能力，不仅通过其对大脑微循环和炎症的作用，而且还通过对神经元的更具体的作用。然而，脑中AT 2受体的整体生理相关性还必须考虑Ang IV/AT 4受体。
Angiotensin II (Ang II) is the main active product of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS), mediating its action via two major receptors, namely, the Ang II type 1 (AT1) receptor and the type 2 (AT2) receptor. Recent results also implicate several other members of the renin-angiotensin system in various aspects of brain functions. The first aim of this paper is to summarize the current state of knowledge regarding the properties and signaling of the AT2 receptor, its expression in the brain, and its well-established effects. Secondly, we will highlight the potential role of the AT2 receptor in cognitive function, neurological disorders and in the regulation of appetite and the possible link with development of metabolic disorders. The potential utility of novel nonpeptide selective AT2 receptor ligands in clarifying potential roles of this receptor in physiology will also be discussed. If confirmed, these new pharmacological tools should help to improve impaired cognitive performance, not only through its action on brain microcirculation and inflammation, but also through more specific effects on neurons. However, the overall physiological relevance of the AT2 receptor in the brain must also consider the Ang IV/AT4 receptor.