The role of ethylene and wound signaling in resistance of tomato to Botrytis cinerea
The role of ethylene and wound signaling in resistance of tomato to Botrytis cinerea
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DOI：
10.1104/pp.001453
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发表时间：
2002-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
7.4
通讯作者：
van Kan, JAL
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Díaz, J;ten Have, A;van Kan, JAL
乙烯、茉莉酸和水杨酸在植物对病原菌的防御反应中起着重要作用。为了研究这些化合物在番茄对番茄灰霉病菌(Botrytis Cinerea)的抗性中的作用，进行了三种类型的实验：(A)用乙烯、乙烯感受抑制剂或水杨酸酯处理植物进行定量病害分析；(B)用影响乙烯或茉莉酸酯产生或反应的突变体或转基因进行定量病害分析；(C)对接种番茄灰霉病菌前后防御相关基因的表达进行分析。经乙烯处理的植株对灰霉病菌的感受性降低，而1-甲基环丙烯(一种乙烯感知的抑制剂)预处理则增加了感受性。在灰霉病菌侵染前，乙烯处理诱导了几个致病相关蛋白基因的表达。蛋白水解酶抑制物I的表达被乙烯抑制，1-甲基环丙烯诱导表达。乙烯还诱导了未成熟突变体的抗性。RNA分析表明，未成熟品种仍具有一定的乙烯敏感性。还测试了在乙烯反应的子集中被结构性激活的突变体Epinastic，以及产生可忽略不计的乙烯的转基因品系。结果表明，乙烯反应在番茄对灰霉病的抗性中起着重要作用。无防御能力的突变株茉莉酸生物合成受阻，表现出对灰霉病菌的敏感性增加。原系统蛋白表达降低的转基因品系表现出与无防御系统类似的感病能力，而原系统蛋白过度表达的转基因品系表现出高度抗性。乙烯和创伤信号在抗性上独立起作用。水杨酸和乙烯对防御性基因的表达有协同作用，但对抗性有拮抗作用。
Ethylene, jasmonate, and salicylate play important roles in plant defense responses to pathogens. To investigate the contributions of these compounds in resistance of tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) to the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea, three types of experiments were conducted: (a) quantitative disease assays with plants pretreated with ethylene, inhibitors of ethylene perception, or salicylate; (b) quantitative disease assays with mutants or transgenes affected in the production of or the response to either ethylene or jasmonate; and (c) expression analysis of defense-related genes before and after inoculation of plants with B. cinerea. Plants pretreated with ethylene showed a decreased susceptibility toward B. cinerea, whereas pretreatment with 1-methylcyclopropene, an inhibitor of ethylene perception, resulted in increased susceptibility. Ethylene pretreatment induced expression of several pathogenesis-related protein genes before B. cinerea infection. Proteinase inhibitor I expression was repressed by ethylene and induced by 1-methylcyclopropene. Ethylene also induced resistance in the mutant Never ripe. RNA analysis showed that Never ripe retained some ethylene sensitivity. The mutant Epinastic, constitutively activated in a subset of ethylene responses, and a transgenic line producing negligible ethylene were also tested. The results confirmed that ethylene responses are important for resistance of tomato to B. cinerea. The mutant Defenseless, impaired in jasmonate biosynthesis, showed increased susceptibility to B. cinerea. A transgenic line with reduced prosystemin expression showed similar susceptibility as Defenseless, whereas a prosystemin-overexpressing transgene was highly resistant. Ethylene and wound signaling acted independently on resistance. Salicylate and ethylene acted synergistically on defense gene expression, but antagonistically on resistance.