Ensiling characteristics of wet distillers grains mixed with soybean hulls and evaluation of the feeding value for growing Holstein heifers
Ensiling characteristics of wet distillers grains mixed with soybean hulls and evaluation of the feeding value for growing Holstein heifers
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DOI：
10.2527/jas.2008-1607
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发表时间：
2009-06-01
影响因子：
3.3
通讯作者：
Hippen, A. R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Anderson, J. L.;Kalscheur, K. F.;Hippen, A. R.
通过两个试验，评价了青贮湿玉米酒糟(WDG)单独或与大豆壳(SH)混合后的发酵特性及其对奶牛生长性能的影响。第一个实验是利用实验室筒仓进行的青贮研究。饲喂基础上，饲喂100%WDG、85%WDG和15%SH、70%WDG和30%SH。在d0、d3、d7和d21打开筒仓进行分析。100%WDG的pH值低于其他处理(P<；0.01)，但所有处理的pH值都接近4。与WDG和SH的混合物相比，100%WDG的乳酸浓度更高(P<；0.01)。在100%WDG中没有发现醋酸，但在两种混合物中随着时间的推移而增加(P<；0.01)。混合物之间的其他差异，如干物质、粗蛋白质、氨氮、纤维和脂肪，反映了混合物中WDG和SH的不同浓度。在第二个试验中，将70%WDG和30%SH(饲喂时)混合在筒仓袋中进行青贮，然后评估其作为生长奶牛日粮的饲料。24头小母牛采用完全随机区组设计，分别饲喂3种日粮中的1种：1)对照日粮，2)低水平WDGSH日粮，3)高水平WDGSH日粮。所有处理日粮在干物质基础上添加50%的雀麦草干草。对照日粮有50%的日粮(以干物质为基础)为谷物混合物，由玉米、豆粕和矿物质组成。低WDGSH日粮含有24.4%的混合饲料和25.6%的谷物混合物。高WDGSH日粮含有48.7%的混合粉和1.3%的矿物质混合料。不同处理间的平均日增重和大多数体格生长指标相似。然而，随着WDGSH混合饲料的饲喂，DMI呈线性下降(P<；0.01)，从而改善了(P=0.02)G：F。这些试验结果表明，WDG可以有效地添加SH并维持适当的生长速度。
Two experiments were conducted to evaluate the fermentation characteristics of ensiled wet corn distillers grains with solubles (WDG) alone or mixed with soybean hulls (SH) and the ability of the mixture to maintain growth performance in dairy heifers. The first experiment was an ensiling study using laboratory silos. Ensiled blends were 100% WDG, 85% WDG with 15% SH, and 70% WDG with 30% SH on an as-fed basis. Silos were opened for analysis on d 0, 3, 7, and 21. The pH was less in the 100% WDG compared with other treatments (P < 0.01), but all treatments had a pH near 4. Lactic acid concentration was greater in 100% WDG compared with the blends of WDG and SH (P < 0.01). Acetic acid was not found in 100% WDG and increased over time in the 2 blends (P < 0.01). Other differences between blends, such as DM, CP, ammonia N, fiber, and fat, were reflective of the different concentrations of WDG and SH in the blends. In the second experiment, the 70% WDG and 30% SH (as-fed) blend was ensiled in a silo bag and then evaluated as a feed for growing dairy heifer diets. Twenty-four heifers were used in a randomized complete block design and assigned to be fed 1 of 3 diets: 1) control, 2) low inclusion of WDGSH, and 3) a high inclusion of WDGSH. All treatment diets consisted of 50% brome grass hay on a DM basis. The control diet had 50% of the diet (DM basis) as a grain mix, which was composed of corn, soybean meal, and minerals. The low WDGSH diet contained 24.4% of the blend and 25.6% grain mix. The high WDGSH diet contained 48.7% of the blend and 1.3% mineral mix. Average daily gain and most of the body growth measures were similar among treatments. However, DMI decreased linearly (P < 0.01) as the WDGSH blends were fed, resulting in improved (P = 0.02) G: F. Results from these experiments indicated that WDG can be effectively ensiled with SH and sustain adequate growth rate when fed to growing dairy heifers.