Trends in Adult Stature of Peoples who Inhabited the Modern Portuguese Territory from the Mesolithic to the Late 20th Century
Trends in Adult Stature of Peoples who Inhabited the Modern Portuguese Territory from the Mesolithic to the Late 20th Century
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DOI：
10.1002/oa.991
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发表时间：
2009-11-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Gomes, J. E. A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Cardoso, H. F. V.;Gomes, J. E. A.
这项研究记录了从中石器时代到世纪晚期现代葡萄牙境内的长期身高变化。使用的数据来自已发表的来源和里斯本确定的骨骼收集样本，其中收集了长骨长度。从20个人群样本中获得平均长骨长度，并将其编入9个时期。然后将每个时期的合并长骨长度转换为身高估计值。结果显示三个主要趋势：（1）从史前到中世纪，身高缓慢增长;（2）从中世纪到世纪后期，身高呈负增长趋势;（3）在20世纪后半叶，平均身高增长非常迅速。与罗马和现代时期相比，葡萄牙王国的政治和领土稳定可能有助于中世纪葡萄牙人的更高水平。这种长期的消极趋势的根源在于贫穷和不卫生的生活条件以及人口增长和城市化带来的传染病的传播。虽然中世纪的结束与发现的时代相吻合，但人口可能没有从这一时期的整体繁荣中受益。20（th）世纪见证了葡萄牙人健康状况的微小而缓慢的变化，但直到20世纪60年代开始的社会和经济条件的重大改善，以及20世纪70年代的进一步进步，葡萄牙人才比以往任何时候都长得更高。自中世纪以来，其他欧洲国家也经历了类似的波动，但在工业化时期之后，它们的地位出现了较早的恢复。版权所有（C）2008约翰威利父子有限公司
This study documents long-term changes in stature from the Mesolithic to the late 20(th) century in the territory of modern Portugal. Data utilised originated from published sources and from a sample of the Lisbon identified skeletal collection, where long bone lengths were collected. Mean long bone lengths were obtained from 20 population samples and compiled into nine periods. Pooled long bone lengths for each period were then converted to stature estimates. Results show three major trends: (1) a slow increase in stature from prehistory to the Middle Ages; (2) a negative trend from the Middle Ages to the late 19(th) century; and (3) a very rapid increase in mean stature during the second half of the 20(th) century. The political and territorial stability of the Kingdom of Portugal may have contributed to the greater heights of the medieval Portuguese, compared with the Roman and Modern periods. The negative secular trend was rooted in poor and unsanitary living conditions and the spread of infectious disease, brought about by increased population growth and urbanisation. Although the end of the Middle Ages coincided with the age of discoveries, the population may not have benefited from the overall prosperity of this period. The 20(th) century witnessed minor and slow changes in the health status of the Portuguese, but it was not until major improvements in social and economic conditions that were initiated in the 1960s, and further progress in the 1970s, that the Portuguese grew taller than ever before. Since the Middle Ages other European countries have experienced similar oscillations, but showed an earlier recovery in stature after the industrial period. Copyright (C) 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.