Bidirectional pedestrian fundamental diagram
Bidirectional pedestrian fundamental diagram
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DOI：
10.1016/j.trb.2014.11.001
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发表时间：
2015
影响因子：
6.8
通讯作者：
Gunnar Flötteröd;G. Lämmel
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Gunnar Flötteröd;G. Lämmel
本文提出了一种新的静止双向行人流模型。从微观第一原理出发，导出了双向基本图 (FD)，将特定方向的流速定义为特定方向密度的函数。 FD 产生非负有界流，并保证这些流导致的瞬时密度变化保持在零密度和堵塞密度之间。在其最小配置中，它使用与单向三角形 FD 一样多的参数：最大行走速度、堵塞密度、防撞参数（从中可以导出后向波速度）。提出了指导单向和双向行人流的参数之间的一对一映射，并在概念和经验上都得到了证明。通过使其参数依赖于密度，保持其所需特性的 FD 的推广变得很简单。 FD 在与模拟数据和真实数据的比较中表现非常好。
This article presents a new model of stationary bidirectional pedestrian flow. Starting out from microscopic first principles, a bidirectional fundamental diagram (FD) is derived that defines direction-specific flow rates as functions of direction-specific densities. The FD yields non-negative and bounded flows and guarantees that the instantaneous density changes that would result from these flows stay bounded between zero and jam density. In its minimal configuration, it uses just as many parameters as a unidirectional triangular FD: maximum walking speed, jam density, a collision avoidance parameter (from which the backward wave speed can be derived). A one-on-one mapping between the parameters guiding uni- and bidirectional pedestrian flows is proposed and both conceptually and empirically justified. Generalizations of the FD that maintain its desirable properties turn out to be straightforward by making its parameters density-dependent. The FD performs very well in comparisons against simulated and real data.