Atmospheric icing impact on wind turbine production
Atmospheric icing impact on wind turbine production
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.coldregions.2013.12.008
复制
发表时间：
2014-04-01
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Masson, Christian
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Lamraoui, Faycal;Fortin, Guy;Masson, Christian
风力涡轮机的性能主要取决于风速和叶片的空气动力特性。由积冰产生的粗糙度可显著降低空气动力学，并因此降低风力涡轮机的功率产生。本研究定位叶片上的釉冰和雾凇冰，以检测涉及重大发电损失的关键区域。在叶片上，基本功率产生的分布以及积冰的类型和厚度是不一致的。在结冰条件下，从径向位置r/R = 0.8开始的叶片外截面对叶片空气动力学有显著贡献。冻结部分是不均匀分布的，因为它最初在根部附近形成雾凇冰，然后向叶片尖端形成釉。与双角冰形相关的临界冻结分数0.88在空间上受到限制，并占据叶片上的受限段，并随着温度的降低逐渐向叶尖移动。通过使用结冰条件下直升机缩小转子叶片的功率退化类比，引入功率损耗因子来量化和定位风力涡轮机叶片沿着的功率损耗。这项研究是基于液态水含量的四个值，描绘了五个级别的结冰严重程度。包括功率损耗因子，发现对应于冻结分数0.88的最显著功率损耗位于r/R - [0.93 0.96]处，其对应于T = -2.6 ° C、-4.5 ° C、-12 ° C和-20 ° C，并且对于液态水含量LWC = 0.04 g。m（-3），0.07g. m（-3），0.2g. m（-3）和0.36 g . m（-3）。由此产生的功率退化可以达到最大40%。在局部情况下，冰的形状而不是厚度会导致更多的功率损失，同时当考虑整个叶片时，无论冰的类型如何，功率退化主要由冰的厚度控制。所获得的结果可以帮助设置传感器，该传感器在检测到临界冻结分数时触发防冰系统。(C)2014爱思唯尔有限公司版权所有。
Wind turbine performance depends mainly on the wind speed and aerodynamics of blades. The roughness generated from ice accretion can significantly reduce the aerodynamics and consequently the power production of the wind turbine. This study locates the glaze and rime ice on the blade, to detect the critical zones involved in significant power production loss. On the blade, the distribution of the elementary power production as well as the type and thickness of the accreted ice are inconsistent Under icing conditions, the outer section of the blade starting from the radial position r/R = 0.8 contribute significantly to the blades aerodynamics. The freezing fraction is unevenly distributed; since it initially forms rime ice near the root and then glaze toward the tip of the blade. The critical freezing fraction 0.88 associated with the double horn ice shape is spatially limited and occupies a restricted segment on the blade and gradually moves towards the tip with decreasing temperature. With the use of power degradation analogy with sub-scaled rotor blades of a helicopter under icing conditions, a power loss factor is introduced to quantify and locate power loss along the blades of wind turbines. The study is based on four values of liquid water content that delineate five classes of icing severity. Including power loss factor, the most significant power loss that corresponds to freezing fraction 0.88 is found to be located at r/R - [0.93 0.96] which corresponds to T = -2.6 degrees C, -4.5 degrees C, -12 degrees C, and -20 degrees C and for liquid water content LWC = 0.04 g . m(-3), 0.07 g . m(-3), 0.2 g . m(-3), and 0.36 g . m(-3) respectively. The resulted power degradation can reach a maximum of 40%. Locally it is the shape rather than the thickness of ice that causes more power loss, meanwhile when considering the whole blade, power degradation is controlled mainly by ice thickness regardless of the type of ice. The results obtained can help the setup of a sensor that triggers the ice-protection system upon detection of critical freezing fraction. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.