BEHAVIOR OF ADULT AND IMMATURE MALE BABOONS DURING INTERGROUP ENCOUNTERS
BEHAVIOR OF ADULT AND IMMATURE MALE BABOONS DURING INTERGROUP ENCOUNTERS
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DOI：
10.1038/269404a0
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发表时间：
1977-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
64.8
通讯作者：
SEYFARTH, RM
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
CHENEY, DL;SEYFARTH, RM
旧大陆猴群之间的社会互动从和平的混合到明显的攻击1 - 3不等。然而，一个不变的特征是未成熟雄性和成年雄性的不同行为；这些差异与男性在生命周期的不同阶段繁殖成功率的差异有关。在多雄性狒狒和猕猴群体中，未成熟和年轻的成年雄性经常与出生群体之外的个体接触和互动，有时会从一个群体转移到另一个群体。这种群体迁移的两个原因被认为是无法接近本群体中发情的雌性和被其他群体中发情的雌性所吸引8。相比之下，成年雄性——无论是在单雄性社会单位的物种中，还是在多雄性社会单位的物种中——在群体间相遇时往往具有攻击性，经常将自己群体的成员从其他群体中赶走（7,9,10）。群居通常包括地位高的成年雄性，它们也是最常交配的个体。雄性最有可能放牧成年雌性，但很少放牧哺乳期10 - 12岁的雌性。（尽管有报道称狒狒偶尔也会有单雄性的群居现象）。有人认为，群居既是为了在集体行动之前调动个体，也是为了在一段时间内保持雄性接近发情雌性的机会。为了研究狒狒的群居功能，我们对一群多雄狒狒进行了为期15个月的群间交往观察。我们的观察表明，放牧不仅与雄性繁殖成功率的差异有关，而且与雌性繁殖周期的变化以及特定雄性和雌性之间的长期联系有关。
SOCIAL interaction between groups of Old World monkeys varies from peaceful mingling to marked aggression1–3. One constant feature, however, concerns the differing behaviour of immature and adult males; and these differences have been related to differences in male reproductive success at different stages of the life cycle. Immature and young adult males in multi-male groups of baboons and macaques frequently approach and interact with individuals outside their natal group, sometimes transferring from one group to another4–7. Two suggested causes of such group transfer are inability to gain access to oestrous females in the natal group and attraction to oestrous females in other groups8. In contrast, adult males—both in species with one-male social units and in species with multi-male groups—are frequently aggressive during intergroup encounters, often chasing or ‘herding’ members of their own group away from other groups7,9,10. Herding usually involves high-ranking adult males who are also the individuals who copulate most often10,11. Males are most likely to herd adult females, but rarely herd females who are lactating10–12. (Although occasional herding in gelada baboon one-male units has been reported13). Herding has been suggested both to mobilise individuals before group movement7and to maintain a male's access to oestrous females over time10. To investigate the function of herding we observed the intergroup encounters of one multi-male group of baboons for 15 months. Our observations suggest not only that herding is correlated with differences in male reproductive success but also that it is related to changes in the female reproductive cycle and to long-term bonds between particular males and females.