Liver transplants contribute to their own success.
Liver transplants contribute to their own success.
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肝脏移植有助于他们自身的成功。
DOI：
10.1038/nm0296-163
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发表时间：
1996
期刊：
影响因子：
82.9
通讯作者：
Demetris,AJ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Starzl,TE;Murase,N;Thomson,A;Demetris,AJ
Taniguchi 等人报告的相互强化的研究。 1 在本期《自然医学》和 Murase 等人的其他文章中。 2 为移植免疫学提供了重要见解。两项研究均表明，多能造血干细胞存在于成熟啮齿类动物的肝脏中，并且推断也存在于其他器官中。支持这一现象的关键证据是用从成年小鼠肝脏中纯化的干细胞重建经超致命照射的小鼠（9.5 Gy），以及通过肝移植的直接手段拯救受照射的大鼠。无论采用哪种方法，受者体内的所有造血淋巴细胞谱系都会得到恢复。在这些结果之前有两个历史贡献值得注意，两者都涉及移植前对受者进行超致死照射。在第一份报告中，海斯等人。图 3 描述了用从成年小鼠肝脏中获得的培养的同基因肝非实质细胞 (NPC) 进行小鼠的多谱系重建。（当从再生肝脏培养 NPC 时，重建最为明显。）强调了移植培养的同基因肝 NPC 与骨髓细胞的受者的重建是等效的。 Taniguchi 等人利用先进的当代技术。极大地扩展了这些观察结果，表明小鼠肝脏中多能干细胞的频率至少是骨髓中的一半，是外周血中的约五倍。从成年小鼠肝脏的 NPC 中分离出的这些分选细胞仅需 500 个，即可使受辐射的受体完全重建。
Mutually reinforcing studies reported by Taniguchi et al. 1 in this issue of Nature Medicine and elsewhere by Murase et al. 2 have provided important insights into transplantation immunology. Both investigations show that pluripotent hematolymphopoietic stem cells reside in the liver of mature rodents, and by inference in other organs. The crucial evidence supporting this phenomenon is provided by the reconstitution of supralethally irradiated mice (9.5 Gy) with stem cells purified from adult mouse livers1 and the rescue of irradiated rats by the direct expedient of liver transplantation2. With either approach, all hematolymphopoietic lineages are restored in the recipients.Two historical contributions preceding these results are noteworthy, both also involving supralethal irradiation of recipients before transplantation. In the first report, Hays et al. 3 describe multilineage reconstitution in mice with cultured syngeneic hepatic nonparenchymal cells (NPCs) obtained from adult mouse liver.(Reconstitution was most marked when NPCs were cultured from regenerating liver.) More recently, Decker et al. emphasized the equivalence of reconstitution in recipients transplanted with cultured syngeneic liver NPCs versus bone marrow cells. Using sophisticated contemporary technology, Taniguchi et al. have greatly extended these observations, showing that the frequency of pluripotent stem cells in the mouse liver is at least half that in bone marrow and about five times that in peripheral blood. As few as 500 of these sorted cells isolated from the NPCs of adult mouse liver allow full reconstitution of irradiated recipients.