Investigating the introduction of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus into an Ohio swine operation
Investigating the introduction of porcine epidemic diarrhea virus into an Ohio swine operation
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DOI：
10.1186/s12917-015-0348-2
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发表时间：
2015-02-15
影响因子：
2.6
通讯作者：
Moeller, Steven J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bowman, Andrew S.;Krogwold, Roger A.;Moeller, Steven J.
背景资料：猪流行性腹泻病毒（PEDV）是一种高度传播的冠状病毒，可引起严重的肠道疾病，对新生仔猪尤其致命。自2013年引入美国以来，PEDV在全国迅速蔓延，给猪肉生产商造成了重大经济损失。由于目前在美国没有完全许可的疫苗，PEDV疾病的预防和控制严重依赖于生物安全措施。尽管经过证明，有效的生物安全措施，多个网站和生产阶段，在指定的生产流程内和跨俄亥俄州猪操作打破了确认PEDV在2014年1月，导致生产者和主治兽医调查的传入routeofintroduction.Case介绍：在2014年1月12日，生产流程内的几头母猪注意到肠道疾病的迹象。几天之内，疾病就蔓延到了该设施中的大多数母猪，并通过RT-PCR确认为PEDV。在很短的时间内，证实的疾病存在于多个地点内和跨育种和断奶后生产流程的操作和死亡率接近100%的新生仔猪。经过流行病学调查，外包，颗粒化的仔猪饮食进行评估，并进行生物测定，其中幼稚的仔猪被喂食疑似饲料颗粒，开始测试传染性PEDV的颗粒。结论：流行病学调查提供了强有力的证据，污染的饲料作为爆发的来源。此外，使用RT-PCR，从受影响地点的未开封袋收集的饲料颗粒测试为PEDV阳性。然而，当将疑似饲料颗粒饲喂少量未接种过疫苗的小猪时，生物测定研究未能显示出感染性。这些结果强调了对饲料和饲料成分进行监测的迫切需要，以进一步确定传播途径，从而限制PEDV在整个美国养猪业的传播。
Background: Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a highly transmissible coronavirus that causes a severe enteric disease that is particularly deadly for neonatal piglets. Since its introduction to the United States in 2013, PEDV has spread quickly across the country and has caused significant financial losses to pork producers. With no fully licensed vaccines currently available in the United States, prevention and control of PEDV disease is heavily reliant on biosecurity measures. Despite proven, effective biosecurity practices, multiple sites and production stages, within and across designated production flows in an Ohio swine operation broke with confirmed PEDV in January 2014, leading the producer and attending veterinarian to investigate the route of introduction.Case presentation: On January 12, 2014, several sows within a production flow were noted with signs of enteric illness. Within a few days, illness had spread to most of the sows in the facility and was confirmed by RT-PCR to be PEDV. Within a short time period, confirmed disease was present on multiple sites within and across breeding and post weaning production flows of the operation and mortality approached 100% in neonatal piglets. After an epidemiologic investigation, an outsourced, pelleted piglet diet was identified for assessment, and a bioassay, where naive piglets were fed the suspected feed pellets, was initiated to test the pellets for infectious PEDV.Conclusions: The epidemiological investigation provided strong evidence for contaminated feed as the source of the outbreak. In addition, feed pellets collected from unopened bags at the affected sites tested positive for PEDV using RT-PCR. However, the bioassay study was not able to show infectivity when feeding the suspected feed pellets to a small number of naive piglets. The results highlight the critical need for surveillance of feed and feed components to further define transmission avenues in an effort to limit the spread of PEDV throughout the U.S. swine industry.